A dynamic fisheye panoramic camera is composed of a fisheye lens, an image sensor, a power management module, and a power supply. It is characterized in that it includes a panoramic camera and a PTZ camera controller, wherein the fisheye lens is connected to an image sensor, and the image sensor and the PTZ camera control Connected to the device, the panoramic camera is connected to the PTZ camera controller, and the power is supplied to the various parts through the power management module. Using a combination of PTZ camera controller, panoramic camera and fisheye lens, there is no blind zone in the entire system. Through the overall and partial image contrast display, the local zooming and tracking is performed to obtain a clear image. Really realizes the use of fewer cameras to monitor the entire space within a certain range without dead ends. This fisheye panoramic camera is suitable for most occasions, and is particularly suitable for installation in chain stores, building surveillance, gas stations, banks, parking lots, sports fields, and large shopping malls.
Fisheye Panoramic Camera Category <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> Fisheye Panoramic Camera Fisheye Panoramic Camera A fisheye panoramic camera is composed of a single sensor equipped with a special ultra-wide angle fisheye lens and relies on image correction technology to restore the fisheye panoramic camera. Excellent price/performance ratio makes this kind of product occupy the mainstream market share, but the particularity of the fisheye lens will inevitably result in the waste of sensor pixels, and the distortion of the screen edges is difficult to achieve high definition, which means that the visibility within the monitoring range is limited. Coverage area; specific locations and methods based on the core technology of fisheye cameras can now be further summarized into the following three categories:
1. Software front-end firmware integration (software mode)
All of the camera's functional implementation software, including image correction, virtual PTZ, smart components, and compression algorithms, are all integrated into the camera's internal firmware. Future upgrades also require only updates to the front-end settings. At the same time, its back-end PC can also provide virtual PTZ and other functions, giving the user the flexibility to change the viewing perspective and the possibility of focusing. And because the same amount of computation is very different between the hardware crystal and software PC load (the same computing task, when it comes to the calculation of the matrix, it will occupy a lot of software resources, the hardware crystal operation is relatively faster.) This front-end integration greatly frees up resources for back-end servers and networks. Combined with a distributed architecture, this type of product can minimize the configuration of back-end servers when applied to large and medium-sized projects. In general, even large-scale projects require only one PC-side server, such as DAS, NAS, and so on. On the other hand, due to the technical limitations of the front-end firmware, it is expected that such a panoramic camera can only handle up to five million pixels. With the advancement of high-definition, whether it can break this bottleneck will be the biggest development problem for this type of panoramic camera.
2. Chip front-end implementation (hardware mode)
Taiwanese manufacturers have already developed chip products that can directly realize basic functions such as image correction and quarter-screen output. That is, manufacturers who are interested in fisheye panoramic cameras can directly integrate such chips and fisheye lenses. product. All functions in this mode are also implemented in the front end, but unlike software front-end firmware integration, it does not allow the retention of original images and subsequent operations. After the user selects the proper function, the machine processes the picture inside the front camera according to the instruction, and then outputs it to the back end to realize the bi-screen or quad-screen effect.
The emergence of this approach has given some manufacturers that do not have their own R&D capabilities to be able to “closely contact†the panoramic camera, and it also applies to a certain range of low-end markets. However, all its functions are encapsulated in the finished chip. It is difficult for manufacturers to further upgrade themselves, or to develop new application functions. It also does not allow users to change the viewing angle or perform corresponding analysis and processing operations according to actual needs after the event. This has great limitations. Sex. The top priority in the future is to increase the flexibility of this type of product and consider whether it is possible to reserve space for rewriting and upgrading within the chip.
3. Back-end software implementation All functions of this kind of panoramic camera are realized by software installed on the back-end PC. The front-end camera is only responsible for capturing images, so the product has advantages in both cost and selling price.
Relying on the powerful processing power of the back-end PC, such products do not have the bottleneck of definition upgrade. While implementing basic multi-segment display, virtual PTZ and other functions, the preservation of the original image also enables more information collection in the later period. Processing work. On the other hand, such products have high consumption of back-end PC and network resources, and more back-end servers need to be configured when large-scale projects are used.
Fish eye panorama camera core <br> <br> core image processing algorithms on this core algorithm directly affect the share system resources, direct impact on the stream, bandwidth and storage. The quality of the core algorithm The correction of the edge curvature of the direct image image, the scene segmentation, virtual PTZ, rotation, and amplification are all driven by the core algorithm.
Due to the influence of depth of field curvature, the distortion of the image is very serious and does not meet the normal visual experience. Therefore, image correction technology is needed to eliminate fisheye lens distortion. The idea of ​​image correction technology is not complicated. Generally, a single fan is pulled from the original pie chart, and then certain deformation and correction processing are performed according to the principles of proportion and perspective, and the processed fan-shaped images can be combined to meet the monitoring requirements. image. For products with low demand, a simple four-corner stretching can be performed directly on the pie, and an image suitable for viewing by the human eye can also be obtained.
Although the core algorithm of each manufacturer is inevitably different, the central idea of ​​image correction technology is to use a certain algorithm to integrate the graphics with severe distortion of edges into normal scale images suitable for viewing. The rationality of the algorithm used, the level of programming, and the final system resource occupancy determine the merits of this algorithm. As for virtual PTZ, pixels are captured inside the image to achieve functions such as enlargement and rotation. The main difficulty of the contrast correction algorithm is not how to obtain better image effects, but how to better integrate the firmware into the front-end firmware at the same time. With the back-end software, two-way virtual control of facts and post-event recordings is implemented.
The choice of the fisheye lens will determine the upper limit of the image quality performance, the data collected is not clear, and the post-processing can't "fiction" the pixel again. In terms of characteristics, the fisheye lens is a special ultra-wide-angle lens. The front lens of this photographic lens has a diameter of a parabolic shape and protrudes toward the front of the lens. The visual effect is similar to the fisheye observation of the scene on the water surface. Although the viewing angle provides an unparalleled enjoyment, it is obtained on the premise of sacrificing the original monitoring image. The deformed image of a fisheye lens is generally called barrel distortion, and this distortion will follow the angle of field of view. Expansion is serious but it is also a reasonable phenomenon. Li Jie, general manager of Hangzhou Purway Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., said: “The fisheye lens is designed according to the principle of refractive optics. It is an ultra-wide-angle lens with a combination of multiple refraction lenses that can capture more than 2π solid angle space, but The angle of field and angular resolution are constrained.The typical performance is that the target angle near the central region of the optical axis is very high resolution, but the angular resolution of the target in the edge region far from the optical axis is too low (edge ​​image is severely compressed).
Electronic PTZ
Electronic PTZ is a bright spot function of the IP-based panoramic camera. Unlike the PTZ control of other cameras, it can enlarge or move the image area in the surveillance field of view. When the direction of the transition is observed in another image area, it will not emit any noise. And not easy to notice. The PTZ of the panoramic camera does not require the participation of mechanical components, which improves the product's lifespan and reliability. At the same time, its technical features can ensure that multiple PTZ windows can be previewed at the same time. Subverting PTZ can only be observed in different times on traditional cameras. Regional understanding.
Fisheye panoramic camera application <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
1, only need to monitor the entire area of ​​the situation in the situation, do not need details of the occasion, such as a wide range of public places, traffic hubs, traffic intersections. Because these areas have a wide field of vision, and some of them have a width of more than 100 meters, it is impossible and incapable to look at details such as the license plate number when seeing the panoramic imagery.
In these cases, it is only necessary to install a camera at the height point to achieve panoramic monitoring. This time, a fisheye camera can be used to satisfy the panoramic monitoring in a venue.
2. At the same time, monitoring sites with special attention to detail, at the same time, achieve no dead-end monitoring, such as banks, supermarkets, and shopping malls. In these places that are prone to robbery and theft of security incidents, the suspects' faces should look more fine and clear.
This not only needs to monitor the whole process of making a panorama, but also requires everyone's characteristics that are different from others.
3, not only need to monitor the overall situation, but also focus on highlighting special circumstances, early warning call to capture the event screen, so that has the basic functions of the panorama while achieving focused results, also considered a feature, while achieving monitoring results and costs Take into consideration.
The use of low-resolution panoramic camera monitoring, through the built-in monitoring behavior algorithm software, and then with the automatic PTZ camera, to achieve the basic functions of panoramic monitoring and key image capture. Through software calculation analysis of panoramic video screens, if there are preset video screens, such as suddenly there is a moving target in the no man's land, people running in the square, vehicle accidents, by the software to operate the close-up camera with automatic pan tilt focus monitoring.
4, there is a so-called panoramic monitoring is best understood, that is, in order to achieve the entire scene monitoring, installation of multiple cameras from different angles, which is a big budget for the user, it is not economical.
At the same time, the video images captured by multiple cameras have a certain degree of difficulty for continuous monitoring of a moving object within the monitoring range due to the poor correlation among the images.
Fisheye Panoramic Camera Category <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> Fisheye Panoramic Camera Fisheye Panoramic Camera A fisheye panoramic camera is composed of a single sensor equipped with a special ultra-wide angle fisheye lens and relies on image correction technology to restore the fisheye panoramic camera. Excellent price/performance ratio makes this kind of product occupy the mainstream market share, but the particularity of the fisheye lens will inevitably result in the waste of sensor pixels, and the distortion of the screen edges is difficult to achieve high definition, which means that the visibility within the monitoring range is limited. Coverage area; specific locations and methods based on the core technology of fisheye cameras can now be further summarized into the following three categories:
1. Software front-end firmware integration (software mode)
All of the camera's functional implementation software, including image correction, virtual PTZ, smart components, and compression algorithms, are all integrated into the camera's internal firmware. Future upgrades also require only updates to the front-end settings. At the same time, its back-end PC can also provide virtual PTZ and other functions, giving the user the flexibility to change the viewing perspective and the possibility of focusing. And because the same amount of computation is very different between the hardware crystal and software PC load (the same computing task, when it comes to the calculation of the matrix, it will occupy a lot of software resources, the hardware crystal operation is relatively faster.) This front-end integration greatly frees up resources for back-end servers and networks. Combined with a distributed architecture, this type of product can minimize the configuration of back-end servers when applied to large and medium-sized projects. In general, even large-scale projects require only one PC-side server, such as DAS, NAS, and so on. On the other hand, due to the technical limitations of the front-end firmware, it is expected that such a panoramic camera can only handle up to five million pixels. With the advancement of high-definition, whether it can break this bottleneck will be the biggest development problem for this type of panoramic camera.
2. Chip front-end implementation (hardware mode)
Taiwanese manufacturers have already developed chip products that can directly realize basic functions such as image correction and quarter-screen output. That is, manufacturers who are interested in fisheye panoramic cameras can directly integrate such chips and fisheye lenses. product. All functions in this mode are also implemented in the front end, but unlike software front-end firmware integration, it does not allow the retention of original images and subsequent operations. After the user selects the proper function, the machine processes the picture inside the front camera according to the instruction, and then outputs it to the back end to realize the bi-screen or quad-screen effect.
The emergence of this approach has given some manufacturers that do not have their own R&D capabilities to be able to “closely contact†the panoramic camera, and it also applies to a certain range of low-end markets. However, all its functions are encapsulated in the finished chip. It is difficult for manufacturers to further upgrade themselves, or to develop new application functions. It also does not allow users to change the viewing angle or perform corresponding analysis and processing operations according to actual needs after the event. This has great limitations. Sex. The top priority in the future is to increase the flexibility of this type of product and consider whether it is possible to reserve space for rewriting and upgrading within the chip.
3. Back-end software implementation All functions of this kind of panoramic camera are realized by software installed on the back-end PC. The front-end camera is only responsible for capturing images, so the product has advantages in both cost and selling price.
Relying on the powerful processing power of the back-end PC, such products do not have the bottleneck of definition upgrade. While implementing basic multi-segment display, virtual PTZ and other functions, the preservation of the original image also enables more information collection in the later period. Processing work. On the other hand, such products have high consumption of back-end PC and network resources, and more back-end servers need to be configured when large-scale projects are used.
Fish eye panorama camera core <br> <br> core image processing algorithms on this core algorithm directly affect the share system resources, direct impact on the stream, bandwidth and storage. The quality of the core algorithm The correction of the edge curvature of the direct image image, the scene segmentation, virtual PTZ, rotation, and amplification are all driven by the core algorithm.
Due to the influence of depth of field curvature, the distortion of the image is very serious and does not meet the normal visual experience. Therefore, image correction technology is needed to eliminate fisheye lens distortion. The idea of ​​image correction technology is not complicated. Generally, a single fan is pulled from the original pie chart, and then certain deformation and correction processing are performed according to the principles of proportion and perspective, and the processed fan-shaped images can be combined to meet the monitoring requirements. image. For products with low demand, a simple four-corner stretching can be performed directly on the pie, and an image suitable for viewing by the human eye can also be obtained.
Although the core algorithm of each manufacturer is inevitably different, the central idea of ​​image correction technology is to use a certain algorithm to integrate the graphics with severe distortion of edges into normal scale images suitable for viewing. The rationality of the algorithm used, the level of programming, and the final system resource occupancy determine the merits of this algorithm. As for virtual PTZ, pixels are captured inside the image to achieve functions such as enlargement and rotation. The main difficulty of the contrast correction algorithm is not how to obtain better image effects, but how to better integrate the firmware into the front-end firmware at the same time. With the back-end software, two-way virtual control of facts and post-event recordings is implemented.
The choice of the fisheye lens will determine the upper limit of the image quality performance, the data collected is not clear, and the post-processing can't "fiction" the pixel again. In terms of characteristics, the fisheye lens is a special ultra-wide-angle lens. The front lens of this photographic lens has a diameter of a parabolic shape and protrudes toward the front of the lens. The visual effect is similar to the fisheye observation of the scene on the water surface. Although the viewing angle provides an unparalleled enjoyment, it is obtained on the premise of sacrificing the original monitoring image. The deformed image of a fisheye lens is generally called barrel distortion, and this distortion will follow the angle of field of view. Expansion is serious but it is also a reasonable phenomenon. Li Jie, general manager of Hangzhou Purway Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., said: “The fisheye lens is designed according to the principle of refractive optics. It is an ultra-wide-angle lens with a combination of multiple refraction lenses that can capture more than 2π solid angle space, but The angle of field and angular resolution are constrained.The typical performance is that the target angle near the central region of the optical axis is very high resolution, but the angular resolution of the target in the edge region far from the optical axis is too low (edge ​​image is severely compressed).
Electronic PTZ
Electronic PTZ is a bright spot function of the IP-based panoramic camera. Unlike the PTZ control of other cameras, it can enlarge or move the image area in the surveillance field of view. When the direction of the transition is observed in another image area, it will not emit any noise. And not easy to notice. The PTZ of the panoramic camera does not require the participation of mechanical components, which improves the product's lifespan and reliability. At the same time, its technical features can ensure that multiple PTZ windows can be previewed at the same time. Subverting PTZ can only be observed in different times on traditional cameras. Regional understanding.
Fisheye panoramic camera application <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
1, only need to monitor the entire area of ​​the situation in the situation, do not need details of the occasion, such as a wide range of public places, traffic hubs, traffic intersections. Because these areas have a wide field of vision, and some of them have a width of more than 100 meters, it is impossible and incapable to look at details such as the license plate number when seeing the panoramic imagery.
In these cases, it is only necessary to install a camera at the height point to achieve panoramic monitoring. This time, a fisheye camera can be used to satisfy the panoramic monitoring in a venue.
2. At the same time, monitoring sites with special attention to detail, at the same time, achieve no dead-end monitoring, such as banks, supermarkets, and shopping malls. In these places that are prone to robbery and theft of security incidents, the suspects' faces should look more fine and clear.
This not only needs to monitor the whole process of making a panorama, but also requires everyone's characteristics that are different from others.
3, not only need to monitor the overall situation, but also focus on highlighting special circumstances, early warning call to capture the event screen, so that has the basic functions of the panorama while achieving focused results, also considered a feature, while achieving monitoring results and costs Take into consideration.
The use of low-resolution panoramic camera monitoring, through the built-in monitoring behavior algorithm software, and then with the automatic PTZ camera, to achieve the basic functions of panoramic monitoring and key image capture. Through software calculation analysis of panoramic video screens, if there are preset video screens, such as suddenly there is a moving target in the no man's land, people running in the square, vehicle accidents, by the software to operate the close-up camera with automatic pan tilt focus monitoring.
4, there is a so-called panoramic monitoring is best understood, that is, in order to achieve the entire scene monitoring, installation of multiple cameras from different angles, which is a big budget for the user, it is not economical.
At the same time, the video images captured by multiple cameras have a certain degree of difficulty for continuous monitoring of a moving object within the monitoring range due to the poor correlation among the images.
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