-- Zhang Xiangmu, Director of the Industry and Information Technology Industry Department, delivered a speech at the 6th Executive Director (Extended) Meeting of the 6th China Machine Tool Industry Association. First, the world's machine tool industry experienced a general decline from the end of 2008 to 2009. China's machine tool industry can maintain positive growth, and it is the only positive growth in the world. It has also achieved remarkable results in structural adjustment. I would like to express my heartfelt congratulations! In particular, we would like to pay tribute to the leaders of the leading companies in the industry.
Recently, the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†has been studied and formulated throughout the country, and the equipment industry is also researching and compiling. In this regard, I have some personal ideas and exchanges with everyone.
First, the basic situation of the development of equipment manufacturing industry First of all, we must correctly look at the development of our machine tool industry over the years and grasp our historical position, which is very necessary for us to make plans. That is to figure out where our starting point is, where to start, and where to go in the future.
Generally speaking, in the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially in the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's equipment manufacturing industry has indeed achieved remarkable achievements. I want to explain from the following points.
(1) From the perspective of development speed, from 2001 to 2007, China's industrial added value increased at a rate of 30% per year, which is indeed a very high speed.
(2) Judging from the scale of China's total equipment manufacturing industry, if it is counted according to the full-scale economic industry, there will be nearly 2 trillion US dollars in 2008, the level is similar to that of the United States, but more than Japan and Germany. Japan seems to be 1.5 trillion, and Germany is 1.3 trillion. In this sense, we can indeed be regarded as a big country in equipment manufacturing.
(3) From the overall level, since 2001, especially in 2003, China has indeed developed rapidly, and there have been a large number of independent innovations, especially in the major equipment autonomy. A batch of independent innovation equipment has been developed and put into production. It provides important equipment for technological advancement and development in various industries.
(4) From the perspective of import and export, the import and export volume of China's mechanical and electrical products has accounted for more than 40% of China's total import and export. While export products maintain cost advantages, brand and brand awareness is also increasing and increasing.
(5) Since the second half of 2008, China's manufacturing industry has experienced a comprehensive decline. After the central government adopted a package plan, the national industry maintained steady and rapid growth. It can be seen from several figures in 2009: the national GDP is 8.7%, the national industry is 11%, and the equipment manufacturing industry is 13.8%. The performance is indeed OK. Several industries are particularly prominent. One is a car. In 2009, the output was more than 13.7 million, and the sales were 13.6 million, an increase of 48% and 46% year-on-year. The completion of the shipbuilding industry is more than 40%. Although the two industries are different, the overall performance is good.
The purpose of my example is just to show that we did achieve certain results in 2009, but there are also many problems and deficiencies. We can now claim to be a big manufacturing country but not a strong country. The main performances are:
1 Our products are still in the middle and low end of the industry chain, lacking the core competitiveness of global famous brands and high-end products.
2 Our basic supporting ability is relatively weak, and key components need to be imported.
3 The concentration of the entire equipment industry is too low. We conducted statistics according to the market concentration index. The total number of the top 10 companies was 58.4% in the US, 53.4% ​​in Japan, and 7.5% in China. Our centralization index is too small, indicating that we do not have a real leading company and no big business.
4 From the perspective of our industrial structure, the overall situation is low-end, low-level things are too much, the production capacity of low-end products is surplus, and market competition is also excessive competition. High-end products have insufficient research and development capabilities and insufficient production capacity. Many high-end areas are occupied by foreign companies.
These aspects seem to be very bad. If we use this as our “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, the starting point will be very low and our plans may be conservative. We should look at it in two ways, because the areas we have are already very good. For example, there are more than one or two companies with an annual output of 2 million vehicles in the automobile industry, and the industrial concentration has been greatly improved. In 2009, our machine tool use was the first in the world and production was first. Therefore, when we make plans, we must make accurate positioning from a comprehensive perspective.
Second, the situation facing Overall, there are opportunities and challenges. Who is bigger than who is hard to say, but some challenges are likely to turn into opportunities.
(1) From the perspective of challenges, although the global economy has shown signs of recovery, the foundation is not solid, and the factors of uncertainty and instability have increased significantly. The structure of supply and demand in the world is under pressure to adjust. Therefore, developed countries have experienced the trend of re-industrialization and return to the real economy, and actively carry out strategic layout in some important areas, trying to seize the commanding heights of future economic development. In addition, trade protectionism is on the rise, and trade frictions facing our country may increase. These will not only aggravate international competition, but also delay the transfer of high-end products to China and increase the control of technology output in some key areas. Although our equipment industry exports account for a small proportion, foreign trade dependence is not too high, but I hope that foreign trade exports will soon recover, it is still not realistic. There is also the shrinking of external demand. It is hoped that it will be remedied by the increase in domestic demand. There are still problems, because there are certain restrictions on further expanding domestic demand.
(2) From the perspective of opportunity, expanding domestic demand is our strategic policy. All industries are based on the basic direction of expanding domestic demand (of course, the export is still to be exported). In this way, including some people's livelihood projects, infrastructure construction, national key projects, etc., bring us some market space. In addition, various industries are undergoing transformation and upgrading, and the implementation of energy-saving and emission reduction projects will adopt new technologies and equipment, which will provide us with new market space. There will also be new patterns, changes and some new developments in the world economy. The trend has created some conditions for our equipment industry to “bring in and go outâ€. In addition, from the perspective of mechanism, the profound changes in the external environment have formed a "reverse mechanism" for China's equipment industry, objectively requiring us to accelerate structural adjustment and change the development model.
III. Formulating the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for Development The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period is an important historical stage for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also a crucial period for China's equipment industry to become stronger and stronger. Facing the severe and complicated international and domestic situation, accelerating the structural adjustment and transformation of the development model, and striving to build a strong country in the equipment manufacturing industry are major strategic tasks during the 12th Five-Year Plan period.
The overall analysis of our equipment industry, and even the development of the entire industry, the past development model mainly relies on "factor input support", or to a large extent rely on investment, that is, through the expansion of quantity to reach the current level of. This is not a mistake, because for different stages of development, some stages must pass and are insurmountable. But this is always impossible, unsustainable, and unsustainable. This must be considered when formulating the 12th Five-Year Plan.
1. The overall thinking of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" is guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the three representatives, thoroughly implement the scientific development concept, adhere to the new industrialization road, transform into structural adjustment and development mode, and implement adjustment and transformation innovation. Upgrade strategy, focus on the strategic goal of building a strong country in equipment manufacturing, focus on adjusting the industrial technology structure and organizational structure, drive industrial transformation and technological upgrading, focus on strengthening independent innovation, accelerate the formation of independent technology, independent standards and independent brands; focus on fostering development strategy New industries will promote the formation of new economic competitive advantages and new growth points; focus on promoting the integration of informationization and industrialization; enhance the overall quality of the equipment manufacturing industry and promote the equipment manufacturing industry from large to strong.
2. Formulate the basic principles of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Put the quality and efficiency of development in a prominent position. In accordance with the overall requirements of new industrialization with Chinese characteristics, transforming the development concept and the innovative development model, it is really hard to adjust the industrial structure and transform the development model, and indeed improve the quality and efficiency of development. Realize the speed of development and the unity of structure, quality and efficiency.
(2) Promote independent innovation as the central link in transforming development methods. Give full play to the leading and supporting role of science and technology, focus on breaking through the core technologies and key technologies of the industry, highlight the major national science and technology projects, vigorously promote the autonomy of major technological equipment, and comprehensively enhance the international competitiveness of the industry.
(3) Optimize industrial technology structure and enterprise organizational structure as the main direction of structural adjustment. Vigorously develop high-end technology and equipment, speed up the elimination of outdated technologies and processes, and continuously improve the overall technical level. Efforts will be made to eliminate institutional barriers and support enterprises to adopt various forms of mergers and acquisitions to increase industrial concentration. Cultivate leading enterprises.
(4) To cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries as an important measure to seize the commanding heights of international competition. Grasping the development direction of the world's science and technology and industry, we are ready to select a number of strategic and forward-looking key areas to increase investment in science and technology, strengthen policy support, accelerate the formation of standards for independent technology, and promote the formation of new competitive advantages and economic growth points.
(5) Strengthening technological transformation and promoting the integration of the two industries as a long-term task to enhance the overall quality of the industry. Focusing on the transformation of structural adjustment and development methods, we will accelerate the use of high-tech transformation to upgrade the equipment manufacturing industry. Guide enterprises to increase investment in technological transformation, promote the integration of informationization and industrialization, and continuously enhance the overall quality of the industry.
3. The goal orientation of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Significantly improve the capacity for independent innovation, break through and master a number of core technologies in key areas, form a batch of independent technologies and standards, and greatly enhance the autonomy and level of major technical equipment. The major projects of science and technology have achieved significant milestones. The rate of new products in the whole industry has exceeded 30%, and the average annual increase in patent grants has reached 50%. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth has increased significantly.
(2) Optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, the overall quality of traditional equipment manufacturing industry has further improved, strategic emerging industries have formed local advantages, and modern service industry has continued to develop rapidly, forming a group of internationally competitive large enterprises and internationally renowned brands. Develop a number of equipment manufacturing clusters with global influence. The output value of emerging industries accounts for 15% of the total industrial output value of the whole industry, and the proportion of modern manufacturing industry accounts for more than 30% of the total output value of the whole industry.
(3) The coordination of development has been significantly enhanced. The manufacturing level of conventional equipment manufacturing industry ranks among the top in the world. The equipment autonomy rate of major complete sets of equipment and high-tech equipment and high-tech industries has reached 80%, and the basic supporting capacity has been greatly improved. The autonomy rate of components and metal parts must also reach 80%, and the general-purpose parts basically meet domestic demand.
(4) The application level of information technology has been greatly improved. There are two aspects to be done during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period: one is the key links of information technology in R&D, design, production, control, marketing enterprise management and human resource development. The integration penetration has made great progress; the other is the intelligence of the equipment itself and the automation, flexibility and network level of the production process.
(5) The quality and efficiency of development have increased steadily. One is that the total factor productivity has increased significantly, the industrial value-added rate has reached about 35%, and the economic benefit comprehensive index is higher than the national industrial average. On the basis of optimizing the structure and improving the efficiency, we will achieve a smooth and coordinated development of the equipment manufacturing industry.
4. Strategic tasks to be completed in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation and enhance the capacity for independent innovation. 1 Implementing major national science and technology projects, related to equipment, one is a large aircraft, two are high-end CNC machine tools and major equipment. 2 To accelerate the autonomy of major equipment. 3 vigorously develop basic supporting products.
(2) It is necessary to implement a self-owned brand and quality revitalization strategy to promote the transformation of China's “manufacturing†to “creationâ€.
(3) Promote mergers and acquisitions of enterprises and develop large enterprises with international competitiveness.
(4) Accelerate the optimization and upgrading of key industries and develop modern equipment manufacturing systems.
(5) Vigorously develop strategic emerging industries.
(6) Develop modern manufacturing services.
(7) Promote the integration of informationization and industrialization.
(8) Promote green manufacturing.
Recently, the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†has been studied and formulated throughout the country, and the equipment industry is also researching and compiling. In this regard, I have some personal ideas and exchanges with everyone.
First, the basic situation of the development of equipment manufacturing industry First of all, we must correctly look at the development of our machine tool industry over the years and grasp our historical position, which is very necessary for us to make plans. That is to figure out where our starting point is, where to start, and where to go in the future.
Generally speaking, in the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially in the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's equipment manufacturing industry has indeed achieved remarkable achievements. I want to explain from the following points.
(1) From the perspective of development speed, from 2001 to 2007, China's industrial added value increased at a rate of 30% per year, which is indeed a very high speed.
(2) Judging from the scale of China's total equipment manufacturing industry, if it is counted according to the full-scale economic industry, there will be nearly 2 trillion US dollars in 2008, the level is similar to that of the United States, but more than Japan and Germany. Japan seems to be 1.5 trillion, and Germany is 1.3 trillion. In this sense, we can indeed be regarded as a big country in equipment manufacturing.
(3) From the overall level, since 2001, especially in 2003, China has indeed developed rapidly, and there have been a large number of independent innovations, especially in the major equipment autonomy. A batch of independent innovation equipment has been developed and put into production. It provides important equipment for technological advancement and development in various industries.
(4) From the perspective of import and export, the import and export volume of China's mechanical and electrical products has accounted for more than 40% of China's total import and export. While export products maintain cost advantages, brand and brand awareness is also increasing and increasing.
(5) Since the second half of 2008, China's manufacturing industry has experienced a comprehensive decline. After the central government adopted a package plan, the national industry maintained steady and rapid growth. It can be seen from several figures in 2009: the national GDP is 8.7%, the national industry is 11%, and the equipment manufacturing industry is 13.8%. The performance is indeed OK. Several industries are particularly prominent. One is a car. In 2009, the output was more than 13.7 million, and the sales were 13.6 million, an increase of 48% and 46% year-on-year. The completion of the shipbuilding industry is more than 40%. Although the two industries are different, the overall performance is good.
The purpose of my example is just to show that we did achieve certain results in 2009, but there are also many problems and deficiencies. We can now claim to be a big manufacturing country but not a strong country. The main performances are:
1 Our products are still in the middle and low end of the industry chain, lacking the core competitiveness of global famous brands and high-end products.
2 Our basic supporting ability is relatively weak, and key components need to be imported.
3 The concentration of the entire equipment industry is too low. We conducted statistics according to the market concentration index. The total number of the top 10 companies was 58.4% in the US, 53.4% ​​in Japan, and 7.5% in China. Our centralization index is too small, indicating that we do not have a real leading company and no big business.
4 From the perspective of our industrial structure, the overall situation is low-end, low-level things are too much, the production capacity of low-end products is surplus, and market competition is also excessive competition. High-end products have insufficient research and development capabilities and insufficient production capacity. Many high-end areas are occupied by foreign companies.
These aspects seem to be very bad. If we use this as our “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, the starting point will be very low and our plans may be conservative. We should look at it in two ways, because the areas we have are already very good. For example, there are more than one or two companies with an annual output of 2 million vehicles in the automobile industry, and the industrial concentration has been greatly improved. In 2009, our machine tool use was the first in the world and production was first. Therefore, when we make plans, we must make accurate positioning from a comprehensive perspective.
Second, the situation facing Overall, there are opportunities and challenges. Who is bigger than who is hard to say, but some challenges are likely to turn into opportunities.
(1) From the perspective of challenges, although the global economy has shown signs of recovery, the foundation is not solid, and the factors of uncertainty and instability have increased significantly. The structure of supply and demand in the world is under pressure to adjust. Therefore, developed countries have experienced the trend of re-industrialization and return to the real economy, and actively carry out strategic layout in some important areas, trying to seize the commanding heights of future economic development. In addition, trade protectionism is on the rise, and trade frictions facing our country may increase. These will not only aggravate international competition, but also delay the transfer of high-end products to China and increase the control of technology output in some key areas. Although our equipment industry exports account for a small proportion, foreign trade dependence is not too high, but I hope that foreign trade exports will soon recover, it is still not realistic. There is also the shrinking of external demand. It is hoped that it will be remedied by the increase in domestic demand. There are still problems, because there are certain restrictions on further expanding domestic demand.
(2) From the perspective of opportunity, expanding domestic demand is our strategic policy. All industries are based on the basic direction of expanding domestic demand (of course, the export is still to be exported). In this way, including some people's livelihood projects, infrastructure construction, national key projects, etc., bring us some market space. In addition, various industries are undergoing transformation and upgrading, and the implementation of energy-saving and emission reduction projects will adopt new technologies and equipment, which will provide us with new market space. There will also be new patterns, changes and some new developments in the world economy. The trend has created some conditions for our equipment industry to “bring in and go outâ€. In addition, from the perspective of mechanism, the profound changes in the external environment have formed a "reverse mechanism" for China's equipment industry, objectively requiring us to accelerate structural adjustment and change the development model.
III. Formulating the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for Development The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period is an important historical stage for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also a crucial period for China's equipment industry to become stronger and stronger. Facing the severe and complicated international and domestic situation, accelerating the structural adjustment and transformation of the development model, and striving to build a strong country in the equipment manufacturing industry are major strategic tasks during the 12th Five-Year Plan period.
The overall analysis of our equipment industry, and even the development of the entire industry, the past development model mainly relies on "factor input support", or to a large extent rely on investment, that is, through the expansion of quantity to reach the current level of. This is not a mistake, because for different stages of development, some stages must pass and are insurmountable. But this is always impossible, unsustainable, and unsustainable. This must be considered when formulating the 12th Five-Year Plan.
1. The overall thinking of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" is guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the three representatives, thoroughly implement the scientific development concept, adhere to the new industrialization road, transform into structural adjustment and development mode, and implement adjustment and transformation innovation. Upgrade strategy, focus on the strategic goal of building a strong country in equipment manufacturing, focus on adjusting the industrial technology structure and organizational structure, drive industrial transformation and technological upgrading, focus on strengthening independent innovation, accelerate the formation of independent technology, independent standards and independent brands; focus on fostering development strategy New industries will promote the formation of new economic competitive advantages and new growth points; focus on promoting the integration of informationization and industrialization; enhance the overall quality of the equipment manufacturing industry and promote the equipment manufacturing industry from large to strong.
2. Formulate the basic principles of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Put the quality and efficiency of development in a prominent position. In accordance with the overall requirements of new industrialization with Chinese characteristics, transforming the development concept and the innovative development model, it is really hard to adjust the industrial structure and transform the development model, and indeed improve the quality and efficiency of development. Realize the speed of development and the unity of structure, quality and efficiency.
(2) Promote independent innovation as the central link in transforming development methods. Give full play to the leading and supporting role of science and technology, focus on breaking through the core technologies and key technologies of the industry, highlight the major national science and technology projects, vigorously promote the autonomy of major technological equipment, and comprehensively enhance the international competitiveness of the industry.
(3) Optimize industrial technology structure and enterprise organizational structure as the main direction of structural adjustment. Vigorously develop high-end technology and equipment, speed up the elimination of outdated technologies and processes, and continuously improve the overall technical level. Efforts will be made to eliminate institutional barriers and support enterprises to adopt various forms of mergers and acquisitions to increase industrial concentration. Cultivate leading enterprises.
(4) To cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries as an important measure to seize the commanding heights of international competition. Grasping the development direction of the world's science and technology and industry, we are ready to select a number of strategic and forward-looking key areas to increase investment in science and technology, strengthen policy support, accelerate the formation of standards for independent technology, and promote the formation of new competitive advantages and economic growth points.
(5) Strengthening technological transformation and promoting the integration of the two industries as a long-term task to enhance the overall quality of the industry. Focusing on the transformation of structural adjustment and development methods, we will accelerate the use of high-tech transformation to upgrade the equipment manufacturing industry. Guide enterprises to increase investment in technological transformation, promote the integration of informationization and industrialization, and continuously enhance the overall quality of the industry.
3. The goal orientation of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Significantly improve the capacity for independent innovation, break through and master a number of core technologies in key areas, form a batch of independent technologies and standards, and greatly enhance the autonomy and level of major technical equipment. The major projects of science and technology have achieved significant milestones. The rate of new products in the whole industry has exceeded 30%, and the average annual increase in patent grants has reached 50%. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth has increased significantly.
(2) Optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, the overall quality of traditional equipment manufacturing industry has further improved, strategic emerging industries have formed local advantages, and modern service industry has continued to develop rapidly, forming a group of internationally competitive large enterprises and internationally renowned brands. Develop a number of equipment manufacturing clusters with global influence. The output value of emerging industries accounts for 15% of the total industrial output value of the whole industry, and the proportion of modern manufacturing industry accounts for more than 30% of the total output value of the whole industry.
(3) The coordination of development has been significantly enhanced. The manufacturing level of conventional equipment manufacturing industry ranks among the top in the world. The equipment autonomy rate of major complete sets of equipment and high-tech equipment and high-tech industries has reached 80%, and the basic supporting capacity has been greatly improved. The autonomy rate of components and metal parts must also reach 80%, and the general-purpose parts basically meet domestic demand.
(4) The application level of information technology has been greatly improved. There are two aspects to be done during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period: one is the key links of information technology in R&D, design, production, control, marketing enterprise management and human resource development. The integration penetration has made great progress; the other is the intelligence of the equipment itself and the automation, flexibility and network level of the production process.
(5) The quality and efficiency of development have increased steadily. One is that the total factor productivity has increased significantly, the industrial value-added rate has reached about 35%, and the economic benefit comprehensive index is higher than the national industrial average. On the basis of optimizing the structure and improving the efficiency, we will achieve a smooth and coordinated development of the equipment manufacturing industry.
4. Strategic tasks to be completed in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†(1) Vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation and enhance the capacity for independent innovation. 1 Implementing major national science and technology projects, related to equipment, one is a large aircraft, two are high-end CNC machine tools and major equipment. 2 To accelerate the autonomy of major equipment. 3 vigorously develop basic supporting products.
(2) It is necessary to implement a self-owned brand and quality revitalization strategy to promote the transformation of China's “manufacturing†to “creationâ€.
(3) Promote mergers and acquisitions of enterprises and develop large enterprises with international competitiveness.
(4) Accelerate the optimization and upgrading of key industries and develop modern equipment manufacturing systems.
(5) Vigorously develop strategic emerging industries.
(6) Develop modern manufacturing services.
(7) Promote the integration of informationization and industrialization.
(8) Promote green manufacturing.
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