Why do the dangerous chemicals have to use water to extinguish the fire after the explosion? Shouldn’t the scene be intercepted in time, can anyone enter?†Yesterday, some opinions were widely disseminated through new media such as WeChat friends circle and Weibo.
So, is this view accurate? The reporter interviewed many domestic industry-related personnel such as the chemical industry, dangerous goods warehouse management, and decommissioned fire fighters.
Question 1: What kind of treatment should be taken when a hazardous chemical is on fire?
A senior safety expert from the Shanghai Chemical Safety Technology Association said that potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate are oxidants, which are prone to explosives. During the transportation and use of these dangerous chemicals, a slight collision may cause an explosion. Because there are no radioactive substances and explosive substances in the explosion warehouse, there are many kinds of other dangerous chemicals, especially the large amount of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate. Once friction or collision occurs, it is easy to cause uncontrollable serial explosion combustion.
According to reports, once the dangerous chemicals are on fire, they have different treatment methods. Some of them need water when they are extinguished, some need foam, and some need powder. According to the process, the main body before the rescue should inform the firefighters in detail about the dangerous varieties, otherwise the firefighters can only fight fires from a distance, not close, and avoid danger. For explosives, it is forbidden to use sand to cover the pressure to avoid the explosion of explosives. When the explosion of explosives is extinguished, the water flow should be hoisted to prevent the strong water from directly impacting the stack, so as to avoid the collapse of the stack and cause another explosion. For fires that are wet and flammable, it is absolutely forbidden to use water, foam, acid and alkali and other wet fire extinguishing agents. When fighting fires of poisons and corrosives, low-pressure water or misty water should be used as much as possible to avoid corrosion of corrosives and poisons. In the case of leakage of acid or alkali corrosion products, it is best to prepare the corresponding neutralizer for dilution and neutralization. . Fires of flammable solids and pyrophoric articles can generally be saved with water and foam. As long as the combustion range is controlled, it can be extinguished step by step. However, there are a few methods for saving flammable solids and spontaneous combustion items.
Question 2: Internationally, wait until the burn is finished and then go in and deal with it?
There is a view that the international explosion of chemical explosions is the principle of Burn Down (the reporter's note: "burning" means), that is, the separation zone is drawn, the personnel are evacuated, and the inside is burned and then processed.
In response, many people said that this statement is not accurate.
"When the fire is over, I will go in and deal with it. Isn’t the person trapped inside not saved?" A former firefighter who had years of experience in fire fighting said that whether it is from social morality or professionalism, this is all about No, the fire rescue team's duty is to rescue people and avoid the expansion of the disaster. From a technical point of view, "How can you know if you don't enter the fire, what will the chemical warehouse burn, will it explode, will it spread, and will it trigger a larger number of explosions?" Of course, if the reconnaissance found that the scene There is a danger of explosion, life must be the first, and the safety of rescue workers must be guaranteed.
Question 3: Can I use the advanced equipment such as drones to detect the fire?
Some netizens have suggested that similar chemical explosions can use advanced equipment such as drones to detect fires.
The above-mentioned former firefighters said that new technologies and new equipment can greatly improve the safety and fire-fighting efficiency of firefighters, but they are limited by the actual conditions of economic development. Not every region's fire department is equipped with drones, etc. High, fine, and pointed fire equipment. UAVs have certain requirements for meteorological and on-site operations. When the fire is burning or exploding, the air and ground are too large in temperature to form an interference airflow. In the most fierce burning and explosion period of the fire, the drone is very It may not be possible to access the core fire site, so the fire field reconnaissance must be judged according to the actual situation.
Question 4: The explosion is so severe that the firefighter should not enter the market?
"There should be no entry, how to enter the market, how to put out the fire, these are very professional problems, and must be judged according to the actual situation of the fire scene reconnaissance." The former fire fighter said that according to past experience, the nearest fire brigade arrived after the scene. First, you should find the warehouse administrator or responsible person to find out what is stored in the warehouse, and then decide how to put out the fire.
Because the accident occurred late at night, it was a comprehensive dangerous goods warehouse, which was much harder than a simple tank fire or a single chemical warehouse fire. Because the more dangerous species, the more complicated the chemical reaction, even after the fire and explosion mixed, it will even produce unpredictable new chemical reactions and form a secondary explosion, which are very difficult to control.
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