First, the paint (paint) definition of paint, traditionally known as paint in China. The authoritative "Paint Process" book of the Chinese coating industry is defined as follows: "Paint is a material that can be applied to the surface of objects with different construction techniques to form a firm adherence, a certain strength, and continuous Solid film. The film formed in this way is called coating film, also called paint film or coating." Second, paint classification There are many methods of classification of paint, usually the following classification methods:
(1) According to the form of the paint can be divided into water-based paints, solvent-based paints, powder coatings, high solids coatings, etc.;
(2) According to the construction method, it can be divided into brush coating, spray coating, roller coating, dip coating, electrophoretic coating, etc.;
(3) According to the construction process can be divided into primer, paint (second primer), topcoat, varnish, etc.;
(4) According to the function can be divided into decorative coatings, anti-corrosion coatings, conductive coatings, anti-rust coatings, high temperature coatings, temperature coatings, thermal insulation coatings, fire protection coatings, waterproof coatings.
(5) According to the use, it can be divided into architectural coatings, can coatings, automotive coatings, aircraft coatings, home appliances coatings, wood coatings, bridge coatings, plastic coatings, paper coatings and so on.
(6) Household paints can be divided into interior wall paints, exterior wall paints, wood paints, metal paints, and floor paints.
(7) According to the performance of paint film (anti-corrosion paint, insulating paint, conductive paint, heat-resistant paint ...)
(8) According to film-forming substance (alkyd, epoxy, chlorinated rubber, acrylic, polyurethane, ethylene, ...)
Classified according to the type of base material: can be divided into organic coatings, inorganic coatings, organic-inorganic composite coatings. Organic coatings, due to their different solvents, are divided into organic solvent-based coatings and organic waterborne (including water-based and water-soluble) coatings. Common paints in life are generally organic paints. Inorganic coating refers to coatings produced using inorganic polymer materials as base materials, including water-soluble silicates, silica sols, silicones, and inorganic polymers. Organic-inorganic composite coatings have two composite forms. One is the use of organic materials and inorganic materials as the base materials for the production of coatings to form composite coatings; the other is the combination of organic coatings and inorganic coatings in the decorative construction.
Classified by decorative effect: can be divided into: 1. Flat and smooth surface coating (commonly known as flat coating), this is the most common form of construction; 2. Sand-like coating with sand-like decoration effect, such as real stone paint; 3. A layered coating that forms a three-dimensional embossed pattern, such as embossing.
According to the use of the site classification: divided into interior wall paint, exterior wall paint, floor paint and ceiling paint.
According to the use of functional categories: can be divided into ordinary coatings and special functional architectural coatings (such as fire-retardant coatings, waterproof coatings, anti-mold coating, road marking paint, etc.).
According to the use of color effects classification: such as metallic paint, transparent varnish and so on.
Third, the use of paint (paint) Inner Paint Uses: For indoor and outdoor have been painted on the surface of the primer, and then coated with an outer layer of paint, can also be applied to a dark surface.
Performance: There are more pigments than outer paint, and the effect of hiding the color is very good.
Instructions for use: After painting a layer, if the following color is still visible, apply a second layer. Paint brushes are cleaned with petroleum solvents after use.
Outer lacquer (light paint, oil-soluble lacquer) Uses: For indoor and outdoor wood, metal surfaces, but also for walls and ceilings.
Performance: With a decorative and protective effect, paint is rare, no cover color effect.
Instructions for use: Brush wood, brush an inner layer of paint, do not brush the metal. Better to brush thin and thin, do not brush too thick. After the paint brush is used, it is washed with petroleum solvent immediately to avoid the lump of paint.
Flow paint applications: light non-flow paint for indoor and outdoor wood, latex paint for the ceiling.
Performance: Both inner and outer paint features, can be attached to the paint brush, easy for beginners to use.
Instructions for use: Covering dark surfaces requires brushing two layers. After the brushing tool is used, it should be washed with v oil solvent.
Indoor latex paint Uses: Used for walls and ceilings.
Performance: Water-soluble, brushing tool easy to clean, dry faster, will not leave a trace of the brush. Some with acrylic resin, better wear resistance.
Instructions for use: do not have to brush the inner paint first. Can be diluted with water for use as a primer. Brushing with a high speed is faster. May need to brush two or three times. Brush tool for cleaning with water, soap or detergent.
Outdoor latex paint Uses: For exterior walls.
Performance: water-soluble, extremely wear-resistant. When it rains, there will be a small amount of paint washed away with dust, so it can keep the wall clean.
Instructions for use: Make up all cracks on the wall before painting, as the thick paint is not sufficient to fill the cracks. The paint brush should be at least 5 inches wide, or use a coarse hair roller. Wash with soap and water after use.
Microemulsion (acrylic paint) Uses: Used for outdoor new wood, but also for indoor use.
Performance: water-soluble, and some as long as the coating, both primer, inner paint, outer paint effect. Some have to coat two layers. The first layer serves as a primer and the second layer serves as the inner and outer paint. The surface is breathable, allowing moisture to escape and reduce blisters and flaking.
Instructions for use: If necessary, apply stabilizers and fungicides first and fill in all fine joints. Paint brushes are cleaned with water after use.
Asphalt paint uses: For outdoor metal pipes, gutters and concrete surfaces.
Performance: For surface waterproofing.
Instructions for use: After brushing the bituminous paint, you can no longer brush other paints. You can only continue to paint the bituminous paint. After the paint brushes are cleaned with kerosene, they can only be used to brush asphalt paint.
Rough-grained paint uses: uneven interior wall and large board, or unattractive surface.
Performance: It is much more viscous than paint and forms a permanent coating that is difficult to remove.
Instructions for use: Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, brushing is generally done with a coarse-brown roller. After drying, paint latex paint on the back. Walls that have been painted with rough patterns do not have wallpaper. Brushing tools are cleaned with petroleum solvents.
Imitation condensation paint uses: bathroom, kitchen and any steam room.
Performance: It is a semi-porous emulsion paint that can absorb the moisture in the air. When the air is dry, it can evaporate the water and prevent the surface from forming water droplets. Usually contains fungicide to prevent mold growth.
Instructions for use: For indoor latex paint, it does not eliminate condensate, but it reduces water droplets on the surface. After brushing tools, wash with water and detergent.
Usage of enamel: For children's toys and furniture made of metal and wood.
Performance: Non-toxic, expensive, and some enamels contain rust inhibitors.
Instructions for use: Do not need primer and inner paint. The most suitable for brushing a small area. Paint brushes are cleaned with petroleum solvents after use.
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