Appropriate selection of box material and structure In the mechanical transmission system, the gearbox is the main radiator for noise. The box wall of the box acts as a radiating surface to radiate noise. In order to achieve noise reduction of the box, the main purpose is to reduce the sound radiation, that is, to control the response of the box to the excitation. In particular, when the external excitation frequency coincides with the natural frequency of the cabinet, strong resonance noise is emitted. Therefore, when designing the box, it is necessary to consider how to select the box material and structure to achieve noise reduction. The following measures can be taken: 1 using double-walled walls with good vibration isolation performance or using relatively soft members as box parts. Reduce sound radiation. The material with better sound absorption is used as the cover plate, which can absorb sound and prevent the sound from being transmitted out. 2 Appropriately thickening the box wall of the box or reinforcing the box body can improve the rigidity of the box body. Reduce the vibration of the box to achieve noise reduction; 3 For the design of the box, the stress should be compact, and the size of the box should be reduced as much as possible, because the radiated power of the vibrating body is directly related to its radiation area, and the radiation area is small, then the sound is small. The radiation is also small. At the same time, the small-sized box structure is beneficial for reducing the consumption of raw materials; 4 when making the box, using high-damping materials (such as cast iron, plastic, etc.) or applying a coating damping material to the surface of the box, due to the sound Can easily consume absorption in this material, can significantly reduce the radiation, reduce noise; 5 can be used to test the box reinforcement, can effectively control the sound radiation. If the maximum emission area of ​​the box noise is measured, then reasonable reinforcement is performed to reduce the noise radiation. It is also possible to add a constrained damping layer near the weak link of the box wall, which can achieve the purpose of noise reduction.
Reasonable selection of bearing plain bearings is better than rolling bearings, and the damping is large, and the noise generated is also small. However, in mechanical transmission, rolling bearings are often used. In order to reduce noise, the following aspects should be noted: 1Selecting high-precision rolling bearings is beneficial for noise reduction; 2Strictly controlling the shape tolerance of the journal and the box holes, and roundness To raise higher standard requirements; 3 When possible, ball bearings should be used as much as possible, and tapered roller bearings should be used less. 4 When using rolling bearings, proper pre-tightening should be performed to eliminate the gap and reduce the vibration caused by the rotation; 5 in the cabinet Appropriate ribs or thickening of the box wall at the bearing hole to change its natural frequency to reduce vibration.
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