Conservation of new ideas: All stone should be maintained

With the development of the stone conservation engineering practice, the maintenance technology has been greatly enriched. Conservation theories are also emerging. Various theories are based on the analysis and answers to various problems and phenomena in conservation practice. They have their rationality and applicability, as well as their one-sidedness and constraints. In the recent practice of stone conservation, some new problems have emerged and some new ideas have been formed. They are summarized as follows.

First, stone protection should be adapted to the material, due to material construction

In engineering practice, it will be found that the protective agent has poor protection against some types of stone. The most likely reason for the exclusion of improper construction and production failure is that it is not protected with the right stone chemicals. For example, granite and marble have different formulas for their formulations because of their different mineral composition and chemical composition. Even if the same kind of stone, it will increase or decrease the concentration of silicone resin because of different density and chemical composition. For example, the concentration of silicone resin in the sandstone protective agent will be higher, and the concentration of silicone resin in the granite or marble protective agent with higher hardness and density will be lower. Therefore, in the construction of stone conservation must be due to material conditions, due to material construction. Different chemicals and different construction processes are selected for different stone materials. This also explains the necessity of establishing a stone conservation database. It is like compiling a stone conservation dictionary or encyclopedia. Before checking the construction, by checking and selecting the right chemicals and construction methods and catching medicines according to the prescription, not only can the effect be significant, but also the annual production cost can be saved.

Second, not all natural stone needs protection

If it is only waterproof and alkali-resistant, some high-hardness, high-density stone materials can be used without protection in ten-hung construction. This also applies to some coarse-grained granites. For example, in the igneous rock, the coarse-grained magmatic rocks obtained by slow cooling, there are a lot of large quartz, and the low and very dense quartz surface water and other contaminants cannot penetrate. The theory was confirmed and approved by Maurizio, a conservation expert of the American International Stone Association. Which materials need to be protected and which stones are not needed, the test method is to drip water under marble polishing surface or dripping vinegar on the polished surface of granite. If the spots or spots of vinegar are wiped dry after 5 minutes, the marble or granite of the variety is dried. No protection.

Third, the natural stone floor pavement without the need to use smooth stone, using wool surface leveling renovation, and then artificial maintenance.

The current floor paving is to choose a smooth stone pavement, and then leveling and refurbishing, which means that the polishing process is repeated and the cost is higher. The correct method is to select the glossy stone effect, buy the rough surface specification board, and then carry out the pavement, leveling, refurbishment and maintenance. This can greatly reduce costs. This method has long been used in engineering practice in foreign countries, and has not yet formed applications in the country. It is mainly due to the discordance between stone consumers and construction companies, which is inconsistent in concept. The high cost is entirely borne by the consumer.

Although there are many advantages, this method is generally only suitable for granite-like stone with small color difference and no texture. For many marbles with texture, because there is a problem of typesetting, it should be done by traditional methods. , and then proceed to construction.

Interior decoration stone is not affected by sunlight, wind, acid rain, frost and snow. Therefore, the protective effect lasts longer. The impact on the service life of protective chemicals is relatively small. From the perspective of reducing indoor decoration pollution and reducing costs, it is possible to use inexpensive water-based protective agents. However, solvent-based protective agents are recommended for more destructive environments such as kitchens and baths.

Four, rust and vomiting yellow to distinguish, can not be simple to use rust removal agent treatment

Many times, the stone's yellow spots are mistaken for rust spots. Rusty iron can be removed with rust remover. There are two common causes of macula, which are easily confused with rust. One is that when the stone is wet-laid and filled, the organic additives in the cement permeate the surface through the capillary pores on the bottom. Under water-oxygen conditions, the organic components double bonds break and the color turns yellow. This situation is more common in wet plastering and filling of white cast stone. In another case, in the beige marble, because the alkali spot floods the surface and absorbs crystal water, a gel layer is formed. After changing the light refraction, the color of the alkali spot becomes darker, and it seems to be “more yellow”. In fact, it is crystal water-containing. The gel layer is in trouble, so for these causes of macula, it cannot be simply solved with a rust remover. If you want to prescribe the right medicine, it is very likely that the worse the treatment will be.

Fifth, do not blindly believe in imports of stone conservation products, and do not prejudice domestic maintenance products

At present, the maintenance products of foreign brands are generally considered to be high quality symbols. But its high price affects the promotion of foreign brands. The maintenance products of domestic brands are generally not favored, but they also occupy a certain market share because of their cheap prices.

In fact, these prejudices come from the lack of understanding of stone conservation knowledge. All protective agents, whether imported or domestic, are composed of active ingredients plus diluents and additives. There is no difference between this point and domestic ones. In recent years, the development and application of domestic stone protective agent products have developed rapidly. In the field of silicone monomer manufacturing and resin synthesis, it has been close to foreign advanced water. In terms of compounding technology, it is equivalent to that of foreign countries. In the field of construction applications is even more ahead of foreign countries.

Cases of engineering practice show that if improper protection products from abroad are selected, it will cause maintenance failure and cause losses to owners. For example, there are three foreign brands of protective agents that appear dark when applied to high-density, high-hardness granites. If applied to the smooth surface there will be significant surface residue. If the use of high-strength, high-permeability organosilicon fluorosilicone protective agent is selected, the above problems will not occur. The cause of surface residue, white spots, or darkening of color is mostly due to improper use of protective agents.

The correct view is that the stone protection agent should not be "imported or domestically produced, and the price is high or low" as a criterion for judging the quality. Instead, you should see if you have chosen the right product for the right engineering practice. Some projects have used some protective agents that work well. They may just be domestic brands and they are cheap. This explains the right choice. Some projects have chosen some protective products with poor results and high prices, which may happen to be foreign brands. This can only indicate that the choice of protective product is suitable or inappropriate.