China's potato planting area ranks first in the world, but the yield is only ranked 93rd in the world, and the per capita consumption of potatoes is only one-fifth of Western countries. The main reason is that the seeds are backward and the quality is not high. To promote the development of potato staple food, it is necessary to pass the good seed barrier, and promote virus-free seed potatoes and special varieties for processing.
In July this year, in Pingdu City, Shandong Province, under the test of the witness of the expert group of the China Seed Association, the domestic potato variety "Xisen 6" set a world record of high potato yields with a yield of 9.58 tons per mu per season. With the support of the National Potato Engineering Technology Research Center, Hessian Potato Industry Group has cultivated 18 high-quality and high-yield new potato varieties (lines), including fresh food, French fries, potato chips, starch and whole powder processing, rich in anthocyanin Potato varieties of various uses such as colored potatoes with vegan and polyphenols.
Three years ago, the country began to implement the potato staple food strategy, and the "fourth staple potato" became a new formulation. China's potato planting area and total output rank first in the world. It is drought-tolerant and barren, adaptable to a wide range of cultivation, and has a large space for increasing yield per mu. The efficiency of water and fertilizer use is much higher than other food crops. Potato staple food is the processing of potatoes into staple foods like steamed buns, noodles, and rice that are in line with Chinese eating habits. Since 2015, the central government has allocated 100 million yuan a year to support the development of potato staple food, and has guided and supported a number of key potato staple food processing enterprises.
"We used to joke that 'Don't take potatoes as improper dry food'. Potato staple food is the icing on the cake to ensure national food security, so that people can eat more nutritious and healthy." Li Yanming, the head of the National Potato Engineering Technology Research Center, introduced, "No." is a new potato variety selected by Hessian Potato Industry Group and the center after 11 years of cross breeding. "Xisen 6" can produce whole flour and make french fries, changing the situation that high-end potatoes are completely dependent on imports.
However, from a national perspective, potato varieties are still "scarce" in many regions. Yu Jinhai, chairman of the Dayu Potato Professional Cooperative in Yunmeng County, Hubei Province, often worried about buying potato seeds.
"Our cooperative has planted 3,000 acres of potatoes in the past two years, with an average yield of about 7,000 jin; the potatoes are sold well, and the average net income of the acre is more than 10,000 yuan." Yu Jinhai said that in recent years, the cooperative has driven farmers to plant potatoes 1.5 Thousands of acres, small potatoes have become a "golden lump" for villagers to increase their income. But the cooperative's seed potatoes were transported from Inner Mongolia 3,500 kilometers away, and the cost per catty increased by 0.2 yuan to 0.3 yuan. "We hope to get better seeds closer." Yu Jinhai said.
To promote the development of potato staple food, it is necessary to pass the good seed barrier, and promote virus-free seed potatoes and special varieties for processing. The chairman of the Xisen Potato Industry Group, Liang Xisen, said that the problem of seed potatoes is not only related to the promotion of new varieties, but also to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and the increase of production. A considerable part of the seed potatoes used by many farmers are not virus-free seed potatoes, which is an important reason for the low yield of potatoes in some places. Potato staple food must first make new breakthroughs in the breeding of improved varieties, and cultivate more new processed potato varieties with high yield, high starch content, strong resistance, and rich nutritional content.
"China's potato planting area is more than 80 million mu, ranking first in the world; but the yield is only ranked 93rd in the world, and the per capita consumption of potatoes is only one-fifth of Western countries. The main reason is that the seeds are backward and the quality is not good. High. "Liang Xisen said that potato breeding has a high threshold, large input, long cycle and slow results. It is necessary to increase breeding innovation support, especially to increase the selection and promotion of new potato varieties suitable for staple food processing.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of the Potato Industry†proposed that by 2020, the potato planting area will be expanded to more than 100 million mu, the proportion of varieties suitable for staple food processing will reach 30%, and staple food consumption will account for 30% of the total potato consumption .
"For the potato staple food, we still have misunderstandings, thinking that the more wheat flour mixed with wheat flour, the better. In fact, the cost is too high and the process is complicated, which is not conducive to the promotion of whole potato flour." Liang Xisen said that the relevant recommendations The department adjusted the standards to appropriately reduce the proportion of potato powder added. This can not only reduce the processing costs of enterprises, but also make potato staple food products more acceptable to consumers.
"In recent years, our scientific and technological investment in potato staple food has increased every year, but to make potatoes a staple food, we need to increase subsidies and support for production enterprises at the national level, and stabilize the market price of potatoes through policy guidance." Li Yanming Say.
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