Fire fighting safety guidelines for aircraft fires

I. Introduction

The airplane is a modern aerial vehicle. It is characterized by fastness, efficiency, safety, etc. It is developing in the direction of large scale and high speed. However, fires at home and abroad also take place from time to time. Once a fire occurs in an aircraft, it often causes significant property damage and casualties.

In special circumstances that cannot be covered by this guideline ( unusual environment ) , on-site personnel should use their professional judgement to combine the overall situation of people, events, times, places, and objects for the most appropriate disposal.

Second, disaster characteristics

1, flammable, combustibles, fire risk

2

3,

4,

Third, the history of the case

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1, time of occurrence: October 2014 X day.

2 , place of occurrence: XX airport.

3 , on-site situation:

When an airliner of an Airbus series large passenger aircraft was preparing for approach, the pilot found that the landing gear had a problem, the captain quickly reported the situation to the tower, and after knowing the situation, the airport quickly conducted air traffic control, dispatched the airport fire brigade to enter the runway, and fired at the same time. When the department reported the situation, the fire department dispatched 30 fire engines to the reinforcements. At the same time, the airport fire engines immediately injected light-water bubbles on the reserve runway. After hovering for 2 hours, the aircraft successfully landed and forced the aircraft to land. The engine of the aircraft caught fire, and the airport fire engines and heavy-duty foam cars immediately shot off the fire to suppress the fire. After the aircraft stopped, the emergency exit was immediately opened. The other group immediately rescued the crew and after three hours of successful rescue, Dangerous situation is controlled.

4. Casualties: Five passengers were injured.

5 , case analysis:

1. No explosion occurred during the forced landing due to the fuel depletion of the aircraft.

2. Spray light-water foam on the alternate runway to reduce the chance of aircraft explosion.

3. Airport fire engines and heavy-duty foam cars dominate.

Third, safety precautions

1,

After receiving the alarm, immediately contacted the air traffic control department and asked about the status of the aircraft, the location of the fire, and the number of people trapped.

2,

After learning of the situation, it is necessary to immediately report upwards and immediately start an emergency rescue plan for aircraft fire disposal.

3,

Since aircraft fires are very special, power programming should be based on the principle of “adjustable rather than used, rather than non-adjustable,” and a sufficient amount of fire extinguishing power, fire extinguishing agents (protein foam, aquafilm foam, fluoroprotein foam, etc.) should be mobilized at one time. ) And auxiliary fire extinguishing agent (dry powder, carbon dioxide, etc.).

4,

Give priority to the use of airport fire engines and high-powered foam cars, and proceed with foaming to suppress the fire, effectively reducing the expansion of fire.

5,

Foam is the main fire extinguishing agent to extinguish aircraft fires. Dry powder is an auxiliary fire extinguishing agent and has the characteristics of rapid suppression of fire. In some combustion loads, foam and dry powder can be used in combination, and the fire extinguishing efficiency will be greatly improved.

6,

After arriving at the scene, the first time to organize forces to help trapped people, while using a variety of tactics to assist rescue, the shorter the time, the greater the living space.

7, the impact of the wind, the two wings extrapolation

The fire engine extinguishes the foam from the windward or upwind direction, and pushes the leaked fuel and flame to the outside of the wings to control the spread of the fire and cool the fuselage, preventing the flames from burning through the fuselage and protecting the personnel from escaping.

8,

To advance the power of the scene, we must first control the spread of fire, cooling the temperature, suppress the fire, and wait until the reinforcements arrive at the scene and implement the total attack.

9,

For aircraft fuel tanks, leaked jet fuel, escape slides, etc., key protection must be taken to prevent explosions.

10、

The location where the fire truck is parked should be within the range of the water cannon, and the position of the fired aircraft can be clearly observed to ensure the maximum extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing agent.

11.

When firefighters rescue people in the airframe, they should be rescued in the order of non-injured, slightly injured, and seriously injured.

12,

An observation post shall be quickly established at the scene of the accident to observe the burning status of the fire, the direction of the wind, and whether or not explosions will occur.

13,

Due to the sharp structure of the aircraft and the confined space, firefighters should wear good personal protective equipment, wear air respirators, call for help and other equipment, and confirm that there is no mistake before entering the rescue.

14,

In the event that the door or emergency exit cannot be normally opened, the firemen should immediately use various types of rescue tools to perform the demolition. The demolition site should be selected from above the horizontal line and between the cabin windows below the luggage rack.

15,

The combat support team shall carry a sufficient amount of various types of fire extinguishing agents, as well as spare cylinders, and make appropriate material protection.

V. Conclusion

Based on the above several cases and safety precautions, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. Due to the special causes of aircraft fires, there is a high possibility of explosion and there are many casualties.

2. Extensive use of fire extinguishing agents must be mobilized at one time.

3. Spray light water bubbles on the alternate runway to reduce the chance of aircraft explosion.

4, priority use of the airport fire engines and heavy-duty vehicles for fire fighting foam.

5 , the use of a variety of fire extinguishing agents, fire extinguishing efficiency can be greatly improved.

This article comes to Micro Signal Orange Rescue.