1, according to the principle of work:
(1) Switch type lightning arrester:
Its working principle is that it exhibits a high impedance when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, but once it responds to a lightning overvoltage, its impedance mutates to a low value, allowing the lightning current to pass through. Devices used for such devices include: discharge gaps, gas discharge tubes, thyristors, etc.
(2) Limit pressure type lightning arrester:
Its working principle is that when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, it is high impedance, but with increasing surge current and voltage, its impedance will continuously decrease, and its current-voltage characteristic is strongly non-linear. Devices used for such devices include: zinc oxide, varistors, suppression diodes, avalanche diodes, and the like. Today's surge arresters are mostly limited pressure type.
(3) Shunt type or turbulent type surge protector shunt type: In parallel with the equipment to be protected, it presents a low impedance to the lightning pulse and a high impedance to the normal operating frequency.
Turbulence: In series with a protected device, it exhibits a high impedance for lightning pulses and a low impedance for normal operating frequencies.
Devices used for such devices include: choke coils, high-pass filters, low-pass filters, 1/4-wave short-circuiters, and the like.
2, according to use points:
(1) Lightning protection device: lightning protection device for AC power supply, lightning protection device for DC power supply, lightning protection device for special power supply (wind power, solar energy), etc.
(2) Signal lightning protectors: digital signal lightning protection devices, analog signal lightning protection devices, and antenna feeder lightning protection devices.
(3) Combination lightning arresters: SPDs that protect a variety of signals and power supply at the same time, such as lightning protection devices that integrate video lightning protection and power supply lightning protection at the camera end in the surveillance system. The lightning protection device that provides both Ethernet signal and power protection at the same time in communications.
3, according to lightning protection points:
Class B SPD: General nominal current is above 30KA. Switch type and pressure limiting type.
Class C lightning protector: The general nominal current is between 15~20KA, all of them are pressure limiting type.
Class D lightning arrester: Generally nominal current is between 5~10KA, all of which are pressure limiting type.
(1) Switch type lightning arrester:
Its working principle is that it exhibits a high impedance when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, but once it responds to a lightning overvoltage, its impedance mutates to a low value, allowing the lightning current to pass through. Devices used for such devices include: discharge gaps, gas discharge tubes, thyristors, etc.
(2) Limit pressure type lightning arrester:
Its working principle is that when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, it is high impedance, but with increasing surge current and voltage, its impedance will continuously decrease, and its current-voltage characteristic is strongly non-linear. Devices used for such devices include: zinc oxide, varistors, suppression diodes, avalanche diodes, and the like. Today's surge arresters are mostly limited pressure type.
(3) Shunt type or turbulent type surge protector shunt type: In parallel with the equipment to be protected, it presents a low impedance to the lightning pulse and a high impedance to the normal operating frequency.
Turbulence: In series with a protected device, it exhibits a high impedance for lightning pulses and a low impedance for normal operating frequencies.
Devices used for such devices include: choke coils, high-pass filters, low-pass filters, 1/4-wave short-circuiters, and the like.
2, according to use points:
(1) Lightning protection device: lightning protection device for AC power supply, lightning protection device for DC power supply, lightning protection device for special power supply (wind power, solar energy), etc.
(2) Signal lightning protectors: digital signal lightning protection devices, analog signal lightning protection devices, and antenna feeder lightning protection devices.
(3) Combination lightning arresters: SPDs that protect a variety of signals and power supply at the same time, such as lightning protection devices that integrate video lightning protection and power supply lightning protection at the camera end in the surveillance system. The lightning protection device that provides both Ethernet signal and power protection at the same time in communications.
3, according to lightning protection points:
Class B SPD: General nominal current is above 30KA. Switch type and pressure limiting type.
Class C lightning protector: The general nominal current is between 15~20KA, all of them are pressure limiting type.
Class D lightning arrester: Generally nominal current is between 5~10KA, all of which are pressure limiting type.
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