Abstract The latest research by Tsinghua University's National Innovation Blue Book Group shows that Shanghai has the highest innovation efficiency and the best comprehensive innovation capability in Beijing. Although China's innovation capability has entered a stage of rapid development, the efficiency of using innovative resources is still short-term. National Innovation Blue Book: China Innovation...
The latest research by the Tsinghua University National Innovation Blue Book Group shows that Shanghai has the highest innovation efficiency and the best comprehensive innovation capability in Beijing. Although China's innovation capability has entered a stage of rapid development, the efficiency of using innovative resources is still short-term. Chen Jin, editor-in-chief of the National Innovation Blue Book: China Innovation and Development Report (2015) and director of the Tsinghua University Technology Innovation Research Center, introduced the research on the development of innovation capabilities in various regions of the country. Relevant data, a comprehensive analysis of the innovation capabilities of 29 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities).
The analysis showed that the innovation environment scores in Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang ranked in the top five. The innovation environment is the basis for improving the ability of innovation. The five provincial-level regions have relatively developed economies, complete infrastructure and abundant human capital, so their innovation environment is superior to other provinces.
The synthesis of five indicators of innovation resources revealed that Beijing, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Shanghai scored higher than other provinces. Innovative resources are a powerful guarantee for improving innovation capabilities. The four provincial-level regions attach great importance to R&D (research and development) funding, and R&D human capital is relatively abundant.
The top three scores for innovation and innovation benefit indicators are Beijing, Shanghai and Zhejiang, as well as Shanghai, Tianjin and Jiangsu. Industrial enterprises in Shanghai, Tianjin and Jiangsu are relatively developed, and high-tech products and new products are also relatively mature, ahead of other provinces.
The Blue Book combines the comprehensive scores of the above four innovation fields and conducts principal component analysis. The results show that the top three provinces and cities in terms of innovation comprehensive ability are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu.
In terms of public creation, Chen Jin introduced that at present, there are about 140 domestic creative spaces (in the past three months, hundreds of emerged), and the whole is in the early stage of development.
In terms of scale, IC coffee is currently a large space for people to create space in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hefei, and even overseas regions such as the United States and Singapore.
From the founding motivation, the creation space of Shanghai New Workshop, Firewood Maker Space, Beijing Maker Space, and Onion Capsule is based on common creative interest, and it is expected to change the creativity of Maker through knowledge exchange and technology sharing. reality.
From the perspective of makers, Shanghai New Workshop, Firewood Maker Space, and Beijing Maker Space participants are more people who have formal jobs in the society and are willing to use their spare time to practice. Onion capsules are concentrated on college students. Groups, and the initiators of IC coffee are basically professionals in the fields of media, technology, finance, universities, etc., with a certain investment vision and professionalism.
Chen Jin said that from the study of typical cases, it can be seen that although the scale of the early domestic creation space is small, the quantity is small, and the development is still in the initial stage, it has certain distinctive characteristics.
The research team calculated the national innovation capability development index based on the 1991 China's innovation capability index data as the base value and the 2012 US innovation capability core indicator data. Chen Jin introduced that the calculation results show that China's national innovation capability has made significant progress compared with 1991, in which the innovation environment is developing at the fastest speed, innovation resources and innovation achievements are closely followed, and innovation efficiency is developing at a slower pace.
Although the national innovation capability has been greatly developed in the past 20 years, the gap with the world's leading innovative countries is still obvious. The total number of R&D personnel in China has surpassed that of the United States. The gap between R&D investment and the United States has gradually narrowed, but innovation There is still a big gap between output and output efficiency compared with the United States. The efficiency of innovation resource use has become the most obvious shortcoming in China's national innovation capability.
The Blue Book believes that in order to enhance the country's ability to innovate, it is necessary to continue to increase R&D investment, strengthen the rational allocation of science and technology funds, optimize the investment structure of science and technology funds, and steadily and continuously increase the proportion of funds invested in basic research. At the same time, the analysis found that the main reason for restricting the improvement of China's innovation ability is the low efficiency of science and technology innovation. Therefore, we must find the root cause of innovation and low efficiency, and improve the efficiency of science and technology input and output. Change the scientific and technological evaluation system, increase the supervision of scientific research projects, improve the efficiency of the use of scientific and technological resources, and improve the efficiency of research and development and technological innovation.
In 2013, the provincial level innovation ability secondary index comprehensive score province innovation environment score innovation resource score innovation achievement score innovation benefit score
Beijing 3.79 6.47 8.25 2.08
Tianjin 3.50 2.09 0.33 2.78
Jiangsu 2.3 3.50 0.95 2.69
Shanghai 2.61 3.00 3.70 3.07
Zhejiang 2.10 2.00 1.29 0.01
Guangdong 0.65 3.08 0.43 2.35
Liaoning 0.62 -0.11 0.12 -0.85
Fujian 0.40 -0.10 -1.00 0.10
Inner Mongolia 0.30 -1.35 -2.44 -1.62
Shandong-0.08 1.64 -0.91 -0.27
Anhui-0.30 -0.25 -0.29 -0.68
Qinghai-0.44 -1.79 -2.08 -1.70
Hubei -0.49 0.01 -0.39 0.00
Ningxia-0.54 -1.59 -1.74 -1.44
Chongqing-0.57 -0.86 0.60 2.24
Shanxi -0.58 -1.10 -1.34 -0.36
Shaanxi-0.63 0.00 1.00 -0.05
Xinjiang -0.76 -1.81 -0.80 -1.89
Hebei -0.79 -0.98 -1.63 -1.14
Jilin-0.85 -1.19 0.15 -0.32
Hunan-0.94 -0.65 -0.28 -0.40
Guangxi-0.97 -1.54 -0.91 -0.57
Sichuan-1.03 -0.51 0.05 1.41
Heilongjiang-1.13 -1.03 0.58 -1.36
Henan-1.27 -0.59 -1.55 0.71
Yunnan-1.34 -1.71 0.25 -1.56
Jiangxi-1.36 -1.38 -1.67 -0.38
Gansu-1.38 -1.47 -0.12 -1.53
Guizhou-1.39 -1.79 -0.55 -1.30
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