In order to overcome the problems of the tool balancing method, it is necessary to propose a new balancing concept and develop a new balancing method. To this end, Kennametal Hertel has introduced an integrated automatic balancing system that uses electromagnetic technology to automatically balance the cutting tool with the machine tool spindle (referred to as the overall automatic balancing system TABS-TotalAutomaticBalancingSystem. It enables the tool to be loaded into the machine spindle) The balance is automatically balanced on the machine with the spindle. The tool rotates at the working speed with the spindle during balancing, and the entire balancing process takes no more than 2 seconds. This on-board balancing method includes the entire consisting of the tool, the tool holder and the machine tool spindle. The balance of the rotating system.
This balancing method requires the kennametal/Baadyne electromagnetic balance system on the existing machine tool and the balance of the entire rotary system using Kennametal Hertel's electromagnetic balance tool holder.
Principle and composition of the system
In operation, two sensors that measure vibration are mounted on the outer casing of the machine tool spindle to measure the vibration of the machine tool spindle in two planes. The controller processes the vibration sensor from the spindle housing and the signal from the position of the balance ring on the tool holder. With these three signals, the controller can measure the spindle speed, phase angle and balance ring position and display their values. .
In order to reduce vibration, the controller first performs an automatic balancing procedure: the vibration value measured from the machine spindle is compared with an allowable rating. The controller then sends a pulse signal that transmits the energy to help balance the rotor (balance ring) ) Rotate to the position calculated by the controller; finally, by repeated measurement, comparison and adjustment, gradually approach and finally reach the allowable rating.
The rotatable gimbal on the shank is a two-weighted rotor, and changing the relative position of the two causes the entire imbalance to be corrected. Normally, the two rotors are held in a position by permanent magnets, which can change their position even with very large rotational speed changes or severe vibrations, and their position is changed only under the corresponding program command.
In this system there is also an adjustment frame with a coil ring corresponding to the position of the balance ring of the tool holder, which is equivalent to the stator. When in use, it is mounted on the machine table, within the reach of the machine's spindle stroke, but does not interfere with the machining process and tool change.
Balancing process
In order to achieve balance, the shank (with) with the balance ring enters the adjustment frame, and the controller performs non-contact measurement of the spindle's rotational speed, phase angle, and initial position of the balance ring. The controller then performs an automatic balancing procedure to calculate the position of the balance ring on the shank. Then the controller sends a pulse of energy to transmit the energy from the fixed adjustment coil coil to the balance ring of the counterweight without contact, and uses the generated magnetic force to change the relative position of the two balance rings to achieve a balanced effect.
The balance adjustment can be completed in 2 seconds while the spindle is still rotating at the working speed.
The controller repeats the measurement and adjustment cycles until the desired balance is reached.
The controller communicates with the machine numerical control system through the standard cutting parameter output/inlet or RS232 serial port. With the online identification and adaptive control parameters, the machine tool spindle tool can quickly reach a reasonable balance quality. The controller can accurately set the working mode of the system, the threshold value and the allowable value of the user by changing the parameters.
The controller can be used simultaneously with the software that controls the machining, displaying relevant data and graphics in real time, such as spindle speed, vibration magnitude, angular position of the counterweight, balance correction vector, vibration alarm and fault signal. In addition, the system has the function of controlling the balance system with the mouse and adjusting the position of the balance weight by hand.
The actual effect is to balance the tool and the spindle by electromagnetic method. The balance of the grade G is adjusted by the step size of 0.4 to 1 according to the speed of the machine and the weight of the spindle. This balancing method is an innovation compared to the existing balancing method by reducing the imbalance of the tool at high speed, thereby improving the machining accuracy and surface quality, extending the tool life and maintaining the accuracy of the machine tool spindle.
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