[China Aluminum Industry Network] Aluminum is currently the most widely used material for electronic radiators. The properties of aluminum are very suitable for making radiators. Good thermal conductivity and cheap price.
The following describes the characteristics of pure aluminum and aluminum alloys used in the heat dissipation industry.
Pure Aluminum: Density: Aluminum is a very light metal with a density of 2.71 g/cm3, about 1/3 of pure copper.
Electrical and thermal conductivity: Aluminum has good thermal and electrical conductivity. When the cross section and length of aluminum are the same as those of copper, the electrical conductivity of aluminum is about 61% of that of copper. If the weight of aluminum and copper is the same, different sections (the same length), then Aluminum has an electrical conductivity of 200% copper.
Chemical properties: Good anti-atmosphere decay performance, because the surface is easy to form a dense alumina film, can prevent further oxidation of the internal metal, aluminum and concentrated nitric acid, organic acids and foods basically do not react. Aluminium is a face-centered cubic structure. The pure aluminum used in industry is extremely plastic (ψ=80%) and it is very easy to withstand various molding processes. However, its strength is too low and σb is about 69 MPa. Therefore, pure aluminum can only be strengthened by cold deformation. Or alloying to increase its strength before it can be used as a structural material;
Aluminum is non-magnetic, non-sparking material, and has good reflection performance. It can reflect visible light and reflect ultraviolet light. Aluminum impurities are silicon and iron. When the content of impurities is higher, the conductivity, corrosion resistance, and plasticity are lower. ;
Second, aluminum alloy: If you add some of the alloy elements in aluminum, and then through cold processing or heat treatment, can greatly improve the characteristics of some of the more commonly used aluminum alloy elements are copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc, These elements are sometimes added separately, and sometimes added in combination. In addition to the above elements, trace amounts of titanium, boron, chromium, and the like are sometimes added. According to the composition of aluminum alloy and the characteristics of production process, it can be divided into casting aluminum alloy and deformation aluminum alloy. Deformation aluminum alloy: This type of aluminum alloy is usually processed by hot or cold pressure, that is, through the rolling, extrusion and other processes, made of plate, pipe, bar and a variety of profiles, these alloys require a very high The plasticity, so the alloy content is less. Casting aluminum alloy is to directly cast the liquid metal in the sand mold to make a variety of parts with complex shapes. It requires good castability for such alloys, that is, good fluidity, when the alloy content is low, suitable for deformation of aluminum alloy, When alloy content is high, cast aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy has a small elastic modulus, which is equivalent to only 1/3 of that of steel. That is, under the same cross-section, the same load is applied. The elastic deformation of aluminum alloy is 3 times that of steel, and the bearing capacity is not strong, but the seismic performance is good. The hardness range of the aluminum alloy (including annealing and age hardening) is 20 to 120 HB.
Harder aluminum alloys are also softer than steel. The ultimate tensile strength of aluminum alloys is from 90Mpa (pure aluminum) to 600Mpa (superhard aluminum),
Compared with steel, there is a big gap. The melting point of aluminum alloys is relatively low (generally around 600°C and steel around 1450°C). The aluminum alloy has excellent plasticity under normal temperature and high temperature, and can be made into an extremely complicated cross-section shape, and has a thin wall and high dimensional accuracy. In addition to the appropriate mechanical properties of aluminum alloy, it also has excellent corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and optical rotation performance.
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