Lithium-ion batteries have been used in various fields from mobile phones to notebook computers and electric vehicles. Data shows that in 2018, the market size of China's lithium battery industry has reached 82 billion yuan. It is estimated that by 2024, the market size of China's lithium battery industry will exceed 150 billion yuan. In the 21st century, with the further development of society, people have put forward higher requirements for the energy storage and service life of lithium batteries.
From the perspective of electrode materials, the anode material of commercial lithium-ion batteries is currently carbon, and its capacity is about 372mAh / g. In contrast, the capacity of the lithium metal anode is about 3860mAh / g, which is more than 10 times that of the carbon anode material. However, in actual use, lithium metal electrodes have lithium dendrites, and lithium metal batteries composed of lithium metal electrodes have low coulombic efficiency and short cycle life. To solve this problem, research scholars have proposed various methods to increase the service life of lithium metal electrodes. Although these methods have improved the cycle life of lithium metal batteries to a certain extent (<800 cycles), there is still a big gap compared to the cycle life of commercial lithium-ion batteries (~ 2000 cycles). In order to more effectively solve the problem of lithium dendrite growth and improve the coulombic efficiency and service life of lithium metal batteries, it is urgent to further deepen the understanding of the working mechanism of lithium metal electrodes.
Dr. Sun Fu, Advanced Battery Cathode Materials Research Group, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, uses non-destructive, in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray three-dimensional tomography imaging technology to deeply study the working mechanism of lithium metal electrodes in the cycle process Three different methods to modify / protect the lithium metal electrode. Non-destructive, in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging results show that lithium metal electrodes modified / protected using three different methods still undergo irreversible morphological changes during cycling. At the same time, lithium with dendritic microstructures will still be produced when the composition has a cell cycle efficiency of ≥99%. This research reveals the working mechanism of the next generation of lithium metal electrodes, and also greatly deepens people's understanding of the working mechanism of lithium metal electrodes. The research results were published in ACS Energy Letters, a journal in the field of electrochemistry.
Figure: Non-destructive, in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray three-dimensional imaging technology to study the working mechanism of lithium metal electrodes
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