Selection of bearing equipment

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-09-08

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Usually; the shaft is supported by two bearings in the radial and axial directions; at this moment; the bearing on one side is called the fixed side bearing; it accepts both radial and axial loads; between the fixed shaft and the bearing housing The effect of relative axial displacement. The other side is called the free side; only the radial load is accepted; the axial direction can be relatively moved; to deal with the elastic part of the shaft and the distance error of the equipment bearing due to the temperature change. .
For fixed-side bearings; it is necessary to select bearings that can be moved in the axial direction (such as cylindrical roller bearings) or moved on the surface of the equipment (such as radial ball bearings). On the shorter shaft; the fixed side and the free side are not In other cases; use only one-way fixed axial displacement bearings (such as radial thrust ball bearings)
Analyze project selection methods 1) Bearing equipment space bearing clearance can be contained in the bearing equipment space bearing type because the shaft is drawn with the rigidity and strength of the shaft; therefore, the shaft diameter is usually determined first; that is, the bearing inner diameter. But the rolling bearing has A variety of scale series and types; should choose the most suitable bearing type.
2) The size, direction and nature of the load bearing load [bearing load can be indicated by the fundamental additional load; its value is shown in the bearing scale table] Bearing load is richly changed; such as the size of the load, whether it can be radial load, axial The load is one-way or two-way, the degree of oscillation or impact, etc. After thinking about these elements; then pick the most suitable bearing type. Generally speaking, the radial load of bearings of the same inner diameter can be added in the following order: Deep groove ball bearing <Angle touch ball bearing <Cylindrical roller bearing <Tapered roller bearing <Spherical roller bearing 3) The speed can be used to the bearing type of mechanical speed [the limit value of the bearing speed is indicated by the limit speed; its numerical value In the bearing scale table] the limit speed of the bearing is not only determined by the bearing type but also the bearing scale, cage type, accuracy grade, load condition and smoothing method; therefore; it is necessary to consider these elements when selecting. The following bearings are mostly used for high-speed rotation. :
Deep groove ball bearings, angular touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings 4) Rotational accuracy Bearing type with required rotation accuracy [Scale accuracy and rotation accuracy of bearings have been standardized by GB according to bearing type] Machine tool spindle, gas turbine and control The machine should be driven by high rotation precision, high speed and low conflict; in this case, bearings with a precision of 5 or more should be used. The following bearings are usually used:
Deep groove ball bearings, touch ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings 5) Bearing type that is just as satisfactory as the mechanical shafting required for rigidity [When the bearing receives the load; the touch part of the roll and the raceway will be elastically deformed. "High rigidity" It means that the deformation of this elastic deformation is small] in the machine tool spindle and the final stage of the vehicle, etc.; in the rigidity of the progressive shaft together; it is also necessary to improve the rigidity of the bearing. The roller bearing receives the deformation of the load. The bearing is small. Preloading (negative clearance) on the bearing can improve the rigidity. This method is suitable for angular touch ball bearings and tapered roller bearings.
6) The angular displacement between the misalignment drive shaft and the bearing housing can occur in the following situations; for example, the drive shaft is tortuous under the operating load; the height of the bearing support in the bearing housing is different; The bearings of the drive shaft each have a bearing seat and are far apart. Rigid bearings; that is, deep groove ball bearings and cylindrical roller bearings; can not tolerate any misalignment; or can only allow very small misalignment; unless external force is imposed. Self-aligning ball bearings; self-aligning ball bearings, spherical roller bearings, toroidal roller bearings and spherical roller thrust bearings; can tolerate misalignment due to operational load; can also compensate for the initial occurrence of processing and equipment faults Misalignment.
7) The relative skew analysis of the inner ring and the outer ring causes the inner ring and the outer ring to be relatively skewed (such as the deflection of the shaft caused by the load, the accuracy of the shaft and the outer casing or the equipment error); The type of bearing to which the condition is applied. If the relative skew of the inner and outer rings is too large; the bearing will be damaged by the internal load. Therefore, the type of bearing that can accept this skew should be selected. Generally speaking, the skew angle (or alignment) is allowed. Corner) is added in the following order:
Cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, deep groove ball bearings (angular touch ball bearings), spherical roller bearings 8) equipment and disassembly opening timing and other installation and disassembly frequency and assembly and disassembly methods when loading and unloading frequency; Cylindrical roller bearings with separable inner and outer rings; needle roller bearings and tapered roller bearings are more convenient. Conical bore spherical ball bearings and tapered bore spherical roller bearings can be easily loaded by using fasteners or withdrawal sleeves. Demolition.

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