Since the first practical photovoltaic cell was introduced in 1954, solar photovoltaic power generation has made great progress. But it is much slower than the development of computer and fiber optic communications. The reason may be that people's pursuit of information is particularly strong, and conventional energy can also meet human needs for energy. The oil crisis of 1973 and the environmental pollution problem of the 1990s greatly promoted the development of solar photovoltaic power generation. The development process is as follows:
In 1839, the French scientist Becquerel discovered the "photovoltaic effect", the "photovoltaic effect."
In 1876, Adams et al. found solid-state photovoltaic effects on metals and selenium.
In 1883, the first "selenium photocell" was made for use as a sensitive device.
In 1930, Schottky proposed the "photovoltaic effect" theory of the Cu2O barrier. In the same year, Lange first proposed the use of "photovoltaic effect" to create "solar cells" to turn solar energy into electrical energy.
In 1931 Bruno immersed the copper compound and the selenium silver electrode in the electrolyte and started an electric motor in the sun.
In 1932, Audubot and Stora made the first "cadmium sulfide" solar cell.
In 1941, Orr discovered the photovoltaic effect on silicon.
In 1954, Chabbin and Pilson made a practical single-crystal solar cell at Bell Labs in the United States, with an efficiency of 6%. In the same year, Wicker first discovered that GaAs has a photovoltaic effect, and deposited a cadmium sulfide film on the glass to make the first thin film solar cell.
In 1955, Gini and Rofinsky optimized the photoelectric conversion efficiency of materials. In the same year, the first photoelectric beacon light came out. American RCA researches gallium arsenide solar cells.
In 1957, the efficiency of silicon solar cells reached 8%.
Monocrystalline silicon solar cell
In 1958, the solar cell was first used in space, equipped with the US Pioneer 1 satellite power supply.
In 1959, the first polycrystalline silicon solar cell came out with an efficiency of 5%.
In 1960, silicon solar cells were connected to the grid for the first time.
In 1962, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of gallium arsenide solar cells reached 13%.
In 1969, the efficiency of thin film cadmium sulfide solar cells reached 8%.
In 1972, Rofesky developed a violet battery with an efficiency of 16%.
In 1972, American Aerospace's back-field battery was introduced.
In 1973, the efficiency of gallium arsenide solar cells reached 15%.
In 1974, the COMSAT Institute proposed a non-reflective suede battery with an efficiency of 18% for silicon solar cells.
In 1975, amorphous silicon solar cells were introduced. In the same year, the efficiency of silicon cells was 6%~%.
In 1976, the efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells reached 10%.
In 1978, the United States built a 100kWp solar ground photovoltaic power station.
In 1980, the efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells reached 20%, GaAs cells reached 22.5%, polycrystalline silicon cells reached 14.5%, and cadmium sulfide batteries reached 9.15%.
In 1983, the United States built a 1MWp photovoltaic power station; the efficiency of metallurgical silicon (epitaxial) cells reached 11.8%.
In 1986, the United States built a 6.5MWp photovoltaic power station.
In 1990, Germany proposed “2000 photovoltaic roof plansâ€, and each family’s roof was equipped with 3~5kWp photovoltaic cells.
In 1995, the efficiency of high-efficiency GaAs solar cells was 32%.
In 1997, the United States proposed the "Clinton President's Million Solar Roof Plan", which was 1 million households before 2010, and each household installed 3~5kWp. PV. When there is a sun, the photovoltaic roof supplies power to the grid, and the meter reverses; when there is no sun, the grid supplies power to the home, and the meter rotates forward. The family only needs to pay the “net electricity feeâ€.
In 1997, Japan’s “New Sunshine Program†proposed to produce 4.3 billion Wp photovoltaic cells by 2010.
In 1997, the European Union plans to produce 3.7 billion Wp photovoltaic cells by 2010.
In 1998, the efficiency of monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells reached 25%. The Dutch government has proposed “One Million Solar PV Roof Plan in the Netherlandsâ€, which will be completed by 2020.
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