The delayed retirement plan is expected to be the most affected after the introduction of 70 at the end of the year.

The delayed retirement program is expected to be the most affected after the introduction of 70 at the end of the year, and the female employee group will be the first to implement.
On July 22, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (hereinafter referred to as the “Human and Social Welfare Department” held a press conference in the second quarter of 2016. The spokesperson Li Zhong introduced that the delayed retirement policy based on the background of population aging will Take three steps: First, in the implementation, it will be slow and gradual. For example, every year is raised several months. The second is to treat it differently and implement it step by step. For example, some jobs with a relatively low retirement age will be selected. Third, it will make timely announcements in the past, and will also listen to and collect opinions before the program is released.
Earlier, at the 2016 G20 Labor Employment Ministers Meeting held on July 13, Yin Weimin, Minister of Human Resources and Social Security, said that the delayed retirement plan is expected to be introduced this year.
Zhu Lijia, a professor at the National School of Administration, told the China Economic Weekly that the delayed retirement program has been submitted to relevant departments and leaders for review, and has to be approved by the NPC Standing Committee to form a legally binding regulation.

The four groups will be affected by the delayed retirement policy, with the greatest impact after 70
The recent delayed news of retirement is frequently seen by the industry as the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is paving the way for delaying retirement.
The delay in retirement was first proposed in 2012. In June of that year, the “12th Five-Year Plan for Social Security” formulated by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments was issued, and the “Policy on Delaying the Age of Receiving Pensions” was proposed.
Although only "research" is proposed, because it involves every citizen, it still touches the public's sensitive nerves. On July 26, 2012, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security responded to the controversy at various routine press conferences and proposed the idea of ​​“small step and slow walking”, indicating that it intends to adopt a differentiated strategy for different groups.
After a lapse of four years, the idea of ​​"small steps and slow walking" has not changed. Yin Weimin, Minister of Human Resources and Social Welfare, said on July 13 that the program has taken shape and will be produced this year, and to collect opinions from the society, it is a small step and slow, and gradually in place.
The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security clearly stated that after the introduction of the plan, it will fully seek opinions and will be formally implemented by 2022 after a five-year transition period.
Hu Xianzhi, a researcher at the National School of Administration, told the China Economic Weekly that because of the large number of people who have delayed retirement, the degree of influence on people of different ages is different. If the statutory retirement age is too large, for some parties. There will be obvious injustice, and the psychological gap will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the "small step and slow walking" strategy, so that everyone can be affected by the same impact, and the impact will not be too great, which is conducive to intergenerational fairness and social stability.
How is the "small step and slow walking" in the end? The Ministry of Human and Social Affairs' explanation is rather vague, saying that it is delayed by several months each year, and after a long period of time, it reaches the age of statutory retirement. After the implementation of this policy, you may retire after 60 years and retired after 60 years and 3 months. If you retire after 6 years, he may retire 60 years and 6 months.
Zhu Lijia believes that "it should not be three months, at least it should be half a year, because the three months is too short, and it does not reflect the significance of the introduction of a delayed retirement policy."
At present, men and women in China have different retirement ages. The national statutory retirement age of enterprise employees is 60 years for males, 50 years for female workers, and 55 years for female cadres. For those who are engaged in underground, high temperature, high altitude, particularly heavy physical labor or other harmful physical health work, the retirement age is 55 years old.
If it is calculated according to Zhu Lijia’s calculations for half a year, the retirement age of female employees will be delayed from 50 to 60, and it will take 20 years. By 2040, the base retirement age will be raised from 50 to 60. feasible.
If delayed retirement is implemented in 2022, the following four groups will be affected by the new retirement policy.
The first is female workers who are less than or equal to 50 years old, that is, women born in 1972 and later; secondly, female cadres who are less than or equal to 55 years old, that is, female cadres at the party and government levels in the party and government organs, people's organizations and institutions as stipulated by the State Council. The female professional technicians with senior professional titles; the third is male workers less than or equal to 55 years old, mainly those who are engaged in heavy physical labor, that is, those born in 1967 and later; the fourth is male cadres who are less than or equal to 60 years old, that is, Male born in 1962 and beyond.
"It can be seen that the delayed retirement plan first affects 65, and the most influential is 70. According to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, it will implement a 'progressive' delayed retirement until a relatively long time to reach the newly proposed statutory retirement age. This will be a long transition period. Therefore, for the post-85s and post-90s, it is estimated that they will fully catch up with the New Deal when they retire." Hu Xiangzhi said.

Female workers are most likely to take the lead in implementing retirement policies
The main person in charge of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security also said that “delayed retirement” will start from the actual situation, distinguish the situation of different groups, consider “step by step” when formulating policies, and gradually move in place. “For example, the part with relatively low retirement age will be selected. The position begins."
Since the retirement age of female workers in China is currently 50 years old, it is the group most likely to take the lead in implementing the delayed retirement policy.
Su Hainan, vice president of the Chinese Labor Association, believes that it is okay to delay retirement from female workers, but it is necessary to deal with the problems and challenges brought about by the extended working hours faced by manual workers. There must be one for manual workers. The specific arrangement of “people-oriented” delayed retirement, “such as the extension of female workers, is not simply because the retirement age of female workers is delayed, and it is necessary to ensure that female workers do not work under the original heavy physical conditions.”
Another female group that is considered to be the first to implement a delayed retirement policy is a 55-year-old retired female cadre and female intellectual. Because there are already documents, the first delay is basically no objection.
On February 16, 2015, the Central Organization Department and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security jointly issued the "Notice on the retirement age of female cadres at the county level and the professional and technical personnel with senior professional titles in the institutions and institutions," said the party and government organs and people's organizations. The female and professional deputy-level female cadres in the institutions and institutions with senior professional titles will retire at the age of 60. The notice stated that the retirement age of female cadres at the department level was delayed in order to give full play to the role of female leading cadres and female professional technicians.

Scholars suggest implementing a flexible retirement system, and China is not suitable for implementing the same-age retirement policy
In addition to the two-year problem of delaying several months per year and delaying women first, it is also the focus of controversy as to how many years of retirement to delay and whether to continue the current “respective age frame for men and women”.
In terms of the retirement age of men and women, according to Mo Rong, director of the International Labor and Social Security Institute of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, in general, most countries implement the same retirement age policy for men and women. Among the 170 countries and regions in the world, 111 have the same legal retirement age for men and women, accounting for 65.3%; 59 of them have different statutory retirement ages, accounting for 34.7%.
According to the data, China's current retirement age framework was implemented as early as the Labor Insurance Regulations promulgated in the 1950s, when China's life expectancy was less than 50 years.
However, with the rapid development of China's social economy, life expectancy has already exceeded 76 years. In this way, the retirement policy introduced more than 60 years ago has indeed not adapted to the current economic and social development.
Hu Xiangzhi told the China Economic Weekly reporter that “the retirement of 50-year-old female employees under the current policy is out of date. The background of the policy at that time was that there were more labor and shorter life expectancy. Now the life expectancy has been extended and the population structure has occurred. Great changes, the workforce has become scarce..."
"Do not impose the same retirement age for men and women, or distinguish between different types of work. For example, female workers who work in the first line can be delayed until 60. Female intellectuals engaged in scientific research, art, and education can be delayed until 63. Male uniform Retired to 65 years old." Zhu Lijia told China Economic Weekly that it is best to delay the retirement, because everyone's physical condition is very different, people with poor health are willing to retire early, and exercise flexibility. Retirement can satisfy everyone's wishes.
Su Hainan also believes that the delay in retirement age must be a flexible path, step by step, and it is impossible to delay for many years. At the same time, allowing workers to make free choices, whether they choose to delay retirement, they have the final say, at the same time, the pension they receive is not the same.

The aging of the population makes delayed retirement become an inevitable policy.
According to statistics, according to China's current retirement plan, it is estimated that by 2020, the elderly population will reach 248 million, accounting for 17.17% of the total population. By 2050, the total number of elderly people will exceed 400 million, accounting for more than 30% of the total population.
China is facing tremendous pressure from an aging population, and China's existing retirement policy is not enough to cope with the trend of population aging.
From an international perspective, delaying retirement is a common practice in all countries to deal with the aging of the population. Mo Rong’s research institute has reviewed the retirement age of 170 countries or regions around the world. The results can be divided into three situations: developed countries generally implement retirement ages of 65 years and older, and some even reach 70 years old (Israel); a small number of economically backward small countries are implementing retirement ages below 60 years old, or they are pensions. Inadequate systems, limited coverage, or low life expectancy per capita; most developing countries implement retirement ages between 60 and 65 years of age.
The actual retirement age in China is quite different from the international one. Jin Weigang, director of the Social Security Research Institute of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that the average retirement age of Chinese workers is currently low. In fact, the average retirement age is only 54 years old, which is the lowest average retirement age in the world.
It is an irresistible trend for China to raise the statutory retirement age. Even if it is a matter of ironclad, netizens still show the extreme attitude of "two fires and two heavens," and both voices of approval and opposition. The reporters found that compared with the opposition voice that appeared on the Internet when the delayed retirement policy was introduced a few years ago, the two voices are now quite equal.
"This is really the result of our policy's openness and transparency." Zhu Lijia told the China Economic Weekly reporter that since the delayed retirement program involves everyone, everyone should also care about and discuss it. After all, the plan has not yet been introduced, and there is room for discussion. "In fact, letting the public participate in the discussion is an important direction of our public policy. Because the policy is open and transparent, let the people participate in the discussion. Through various forms of communication and negotiation, everyone will naturally become more willing and accepting delayed retirement."
Hu Xianzhi believes that any policy will have both positive and negative aspects. The key is to meet the wishes of the majority and conform to the laws of social development and the interests of the people of the country. "In order to meet the interests of the majority and to comply with the wishes of all, it is necessary to make it clear from the policy level that the policy can be effectively implemented through full persuasion, communication and consultation."

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