Calcium is an essential element for the growth and development of grapes. The demand for calcium is second only to potassium and nitrogen. It ranks third. Even after entering the second fruit expansion period, the calcium requirement of the grapes has exceeded the nitrogen requirement. Why do the grapes need calcium? How do the grapes make up calcium? Here is a brief introduction to the method of calcium supplementation.
Generally, 1 ton of fresh grape is produced per mu. The pure calcium that the grape root needs to absorb every year is about 10 kg, which is about three times the demand for calcium.
Calcium is mainly absorbed into the vine from the xylem through the roots under the action of transpiration. The transpiration of the leaves is about 30 times that of the fruit. Most of the calcium flows into the leaves, so that the calcium absorbed directly from the soil is very small. In fact, only 2% of the calcium absorbed by the roots from the soil can be transmitted to the fruit. Therefore, especially in the soil acidified vineyards, the exchangeable calcium content in the soil is seriously deficient, and the calcium deficiency of the grape fruit is widespread, and calcium is a shortage factor for the high quality and high yield of these vineyards.
Grape calcium supplementation can be divided into three stages:
1. The grape absorbs 40% of the whole year from the germination to the fruit setting period. The roots of the calcium foot grape are developed, the new shoots are neat and tidy, and the flowering fruit is good;
2. Grapes absorb 30% of calcium from the fruiting period to the hard core period. The calcium foot skin is well developed, hardened and cracked; the leaves are thick, the roots are developed, the growth is strong, and the disease resistance is strong;
3, the grape from the hard core period to the coloring period to absorb 30% of the whole year of calcium, calcium foot fruit weight gain and yield; fruit peel thickened and less fruit; fruit handle thickening does not drop the grain; leaf health is not premature aging.
Calcium must be supplemented by roots, and calcium is easily fixed by other ions in the soil. Therefore, calcium supplementation requires water-soluble, high-concentration, easily absorbed calcium.
Grape calcium supplementation should be combined with leaf spray to effectively solve various physiological diseases caused by calcium deficiency in grapes. The specific methods are as follows:
1. Soil topdressing: First adjust the pH, the most suitable pH of the grapes is 6.0-7.5, increase the application of organic fertilizer, increase the soil organic matter content, increase the existing calcium activity of the soil, and reduce the chance of new calcium application being fixed (phosphorus High fertilizer must not be used together with calcium nitrate to prevent precipitation and fixation of calcium and phosphorus. In the grape young fruit stage, expansion stage and maturity stage, the fruit of the fruit is applied to prevent the damage caused by physiological calcium deficiency to the grape;
2, foliar spray application of Ye Shuo fluid nucleoside calcium: for the land that is easy to lack calcium, before and after flowering, the leaf surface should be sprayed with calcium. When spraying, choose the weather without wind or wind, fine spray to the back of the blade, focus Spray inflorescences, ears, and young tissues. Spray 1 time before flowering, and start spraying calcium for 1-2 weeks after Xiehua.
FLAP DISC,FLAP WHEEL, GRINDING WHEEL
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