Fertilizer-required characteristics Chestnut is the same as Other fruit trees in terms of fertilizer requirements. The difference is that in addition to sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it is particularly sensitive to medium-magnesium and small amounts of manganese and boron. If it is lacking or insufficient, serious problems will occur. Physiological disorders affect growth and development. According to the measurement, the chestnut is a fruit tree with high manganese content, and the leaf with normal growth and development has a manganese content of 1000-2500 mg/kg. If it is less than 1000 mg/kg, the leaf yellowing occurs and growth is hindered. If there is magnesium deficiency or insufficient supply, there will be chlorosis between the veins, and the faded part will gradually turn brown and die. Since boron is an important element in promoting pollen germination, pollen tube growth, and ovary development, boron deficiency in the soil leads to empty space. According to the survey, the effective boron content of the soil is 0.56 ~ 0.87 mg / kg of chestnut garden, the results are normal, the open rate is only 3% ~ 6.9%; the content of 0.2 ~ 0.4 mg / kg of chestnut, the yield is very low, the open rate As high as 44% to 81%. The section of Meiyuan Village in Dongling Township, Jianchuan County, has a root. When planting chestnut, each plant is 100 g of boron-doped sand in the base fertilizer. After planting, it sprays 350 times of borax water every year in June, and the fruit is planted in three years, no more than boron and no spray. The early two years of boron results.
The amount of NPK is large and the absorption period is different. The absorption of nitrogen is large and long, and it is continuously absorbed from the beginning of germination to the harvest of fruit. Among them, the absorption of fruit is the most in the period of rapid expansion, and it is gradually reduced after harvesting. Phosphorus absorption time is stable from flowering to harvesting, but the absorption is less, and the absorption time is shorter than that of nitrogen and potassium. However, phosphorus is extremely important for the performance and yield of chestnut. According to the determination, the available phosphorus content in the fruit-producing garden is as high as 20.18~27.00 mg/kg, and the phosphorus content in the new shoot is 2420 mg/kg. The content is only 1-9 mg/kg, and the phosphorus content in the new shoot is as low as 1360 mg/kg. It can be seen that phosphorus plays a large role in the yield. Phosphorus is an important substance that promotes flower bud differentiation, fruit development, seed maturation and quality. Potassium is absorbed from the small amount before flowering, and gradually increases after flowering. The fruit is absorbed most during the hypertrophy period and decreases sharply after harvesting. It is proved that in the annual growth cycle, from the differentiation of male flowers in the early spring to the flowering and fruit setting period, nitrogen is most needed, potassium is less, and phosphorus is less; after flowering to fruit expansion, phosphorus is most needed, followed by nitrogen and potassium. The fruit is from the hypertrophy period to the harvest, which requires the most potassium, followed by nitrogen and less phosphorus.
The main saplings for saplings under 7 years of age are in accordance with the principle of “diligent application, less quantity, less first, then less, first lighter and then thickerâ€. The time between fertilization intervals is shorter, the concentration is lighter, and the number is more. The amount of fertilizer is small, and it increases and increases as the age of the tree increases. Generally, the tree is 1-3 years old. From the beginning of February to the end of May, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is applied every 40 to 45 days. Each time, each plant is sautéed with 15-20 kg of human waste and 20-30 g of urea to promote the germination of the branches and leaves. Growing. From the beginning of June to the end of August, the NPK fertilizer should be applied every 40 to 45 days, and each compound should be applied with 30-40 grams of ternary compound fertilizer to promote the development of shoots. 4 to 7 years old trees, every two months in February to August, topdressing once, still in the early stage of nitrogen, potassium as the second, phosphorus again, the middle and late application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer, but the amount of fertilizer should be with the age of the tree Increasing year by year and increasing in synchronization. The ratio of application of NPK for the whole year is preferably 1:0.7:0.8. Each year, in April and June, 300-350 times of borax water is sprayed once to promote early production. After entering the 4th year of growth, apply the full-circle or semi-ring ditch to expand the pond to apply the base fertilizer.
Big tree The big tree should be fertilized three times a year, and the ratio of NPK needed for the whole year is about 1:0.85:0.9.
1 Before flowering, in March of germination, before flowering, combined with irrigation spring water, each plant is cured with 100-120 kilograms of human waste, or 350-400 grams of urea to promote hair shoots and flowering results. Fruit set rate and yield.
2 Strong fruit fertilizer In the rapid expansion period of the fruit, each plant applies 800-1000 grams of NPK compound fertilizer to promote fruit development and improve quality.
3 base fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for the whole year of growth and development of chestnut trees. It requires complete elements, coordinated proportions, large amount of fertilizer, high concentration and timely application. The fertilizer can be used for manure, compost, soil and fertilizer, waste fertilizer processed by tanning, sugar mud, green manure and cake fertilizer. It contains red soil or yellow soil with low effective phosphorus and less boron, and applies appropriate amount of chemical phosphate fertilizer and Borax. Generally, the trees are moderately moderate, have moderate fertility, and have more results. Each plant is fertilized with 80-100 kilograms of fermented fertilizer, 3 to 4 kilograms of superphosphate, and 100 grams of boron sand. It is best to apply it from September to October after fruit picking. The method uses a semi-circular ditch, a radiant ditch, a fan-shaped pit and a strip-shaped ditch. The root system has been covered with trees in the whole garden, and is buryed by ditching in the rows or in the whole garden.
In addition, regardless of small trees and large trees, in the growing season from May to July, pesticides should be sprayed in combination with pest control, and manganese and magnesium elements should be added to mix micro-fertilizers. The concentration is 3500 times of manganese sulfate and 2500 mg of magnesium sulfate. ~3000 times. Borax is sprayed at the flowering stage, preferably 300 to 350 times.
The amount of NPK is large and the absorption period is different. The absorption of nitrogen is large and long, and it is continuously absorbed from the beginning of germination to the harvest of fruit. Among them, the absorption of fruit is the most in the period of rapid expansion, and it is gradually reduced after harvesting. Phosphorus absorption time is stable from flowering to harvesting, but the absorption is less, and the absorption time is shorter than that of nitrogen and potassium. However, phosphorus is extremely important for the performance and yield of chestnut. According to the determination, the available phosphorus content in the fruit-producing garden is as high as 20.18~27.00 mg/kg, and the phosphorus content in the new shoot is 2420 mg/kg. The content is only 1-9 mg/kg, and the phosphorus content in the new shoot is as low as 1360 mg/kg. It can be seen that phosphorus plays a large role in the yield. Phosphorus is an important substance that promotes flower bud differentiation, fruit development, seed maturation and quality. Potassium is absorbed from the small amount before flowering, and gradually increases after flowering. The fruit is absorbed most during the hypertrophy period and decreases sharply after harvesting. It is proved that in the annual growth cycle, from the differentiation of male flowers in the early spring to the flowering and fruit setting period, nitrogen is most needed, potassium is less, and phosphorus is less; after flowering to fruit expansion, phosphorus is most needed, followed by nitrogen and potassium. The fruit is from the hypertrophy period to the harvest, which requires the most potassium, followed by nitrogen and less phosphorus.
The main saplings for saplings under 7 years of age are in accordance with the principle of “diligent application, less quantity, less first, then less, first lighter and then thickerâ€. The time between fertilization intervals is shorter, the concentration is lighter, and the number is more. The amount of fertilizer is small, and it increases and increases as the age of the tree increases. Generally, the tree is 1-3 years old. From the beginning of February to the end of May, the quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is applied every 40 to 45 days. Each time, each plant is sautéed with 15-20 kg of human waste and 20-30 g of urea to promote the germination of the branches and leaves. Growing. From the beginning of June to the end of August, the NPK fertilizer should be applied every 40 to 45 days, and each compound should be applied with 30-40 grams of ternary compound fertilizer to promote the development of shoots. 4 to 7 years old trees, every two months in February to August, topdressing once, still in the early stage of nitrogen, potassium as the second, phosphorus again, the middle and late application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer, but the amount of fertilizer should be with the age of the tree Increasing year by year and increasing in synchronization. The ratio of application of NPK for the whole year is preferably 1:0.7:0.8. Each year, in April and June, 300-350 times of borax water is sprayed once to promote early production. After entering the 4th year of growth, apply the full-circle or semi-ring ditch to expand the pond to apply the base fertilizer.
Big tree The big tree should be fertilized three times a year, and the ratio of NPK needed for the whole year is about 1:0.85:0.9.
1 Before flowering, in March of germination, before flowering, combined with irrigation spring water, each plant is cured with 100-120 kilograms of human waste, or 350-400 grams of urea to promote hair shoots and flowering results. Fruit set rate and yield.
2 Strong fruit fertilizer In the rapid expansion period of the fruit, each plant applies 800-1000 grams of NPK compound fertilizer to promote fruit development and improve quality.
3 base fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for the whole year of growth and development of chestnut trees. It requires complete elements, coordinated proportions, large amount of fertilizer, high concentration and timely application. The fertilizer can be used for manure, compost, soil and fertilizer, waste fertilizer processed by tanning, sugar mud, green manure and cake fertilizer. It contains red soil or yellow soil with low effective phosphorus and less boron, and applies appropriate amount of chemical phosphate fertilizer and Borax. Generally, the trees are moderately moderate, have moderate fertility, and have more results. Each plant is fertilized with 80-100 kilograms of fermented fertilizer, 3 to 4 kilograms of superphosphate, and 100 grams of boron sand. It is best to apply it from September to October after fruit picking. The method uses a semi-circular ditch, a radiant ditch, a fan-shaped pit and a strip-shaped ditch. The root system has been covered with trees in the whole garden, and is buryed by ditching in the rows or in the whole garden.
In addition, regardless of small trees and large trees, in the growing season from May to July, pesticides should be sprayed in combination with pest control, and manganese and magnesium elements should be added to mix micro-fertilizers. The concentration is 3500 times of manganese sulfate and 2500 mg of magnesium sulfate. ~3000 times. Borax is sprayed at the flowering stage, preferably 300 to 350 times.
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