The cooperation between the scientists of the Moscow State University of Engineering for Nuclear Energy and the School of Engineering Physics at the Russian State University of Engineering in cooperation with the Department of Engineering Physics at Tsinghua University in China investigated the possibility of using isotope-modified molybdenum instead of zirconium alloys to produce fuel elements for nuclear reactors and demonstrated that this method can Improve the safety of nuclear reactors. The results were published in the journal Chemical Engineering Research and Design.
Inside the nuclear fuel element, uranium dioxide pellets of several centimeters in size are sealed. The component package must have good corrosion resistance, erosion resistance, and heat resistance, and it must not affect reactor neutron absorption. At present, the main material of most Russian commercial nuclear power plant casings is zirconium alloy. However, it reacts positively with water and generates heat, producing hydrogen gas and accelerating the degradation of fuel rod coatings. This is very dangerous in the event of an accident at a water-cooled nuclear power plant. This is also the main reason for the explosion at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan.
Therefore, scientists have been discussing the possibility of replacing the zirconium alloy with refractory metal molybdenum. It has the same good corrosion resistance as zirconium and has higher thermal conductivity than zirconium. The study provided Russia with a knowledge base for the design of separation equipment for the large-scale production of isotope-modified molybdenum in Russia.
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