Emergency knowledge of poisoning accidents

Poisoning accident

First, irritating gas poisoning

Irritant gas is a generic name for a class of harmful gases that have irritant effects on the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract mucous membranes. It is the most common harmful gas in industrial production and often causes acute poisoning by production workers or the public due to accidents. The most common irritating gases are chlorine, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, phosgene, hydrogen fluoride, and sulfur dioxide.

Emergency points >>>

● Persons in areas with poisoning accidents ( especially downwinds ) should evacuate as soon as possible or avoid buildings in the area.

● Immediately move the patient to a fresh air place, take off contaminated clothes, and quickly wash the contaminated skin with plenty of water, while paying attention to keep warm. Intraocular polluters, rinse with water for at least 10 minutes.

● Keep the respiratory tract open, conditional bronchial spasms can be given, if necessary, medical personnel to perform tracheotomy.

● For respiratory and cardiac arrest, artificial respiration and extrathoracic cardiac compression are performed immediately. Conditional intramuscular injections of respiratory stimulants are available, and oxygen is given at the same time. The patient can breathe spontaneously and resume heartbeat before being sent to the hospital.

● coma acupuncture people, ten Xuan, Yongquan and other acupuncture points.

● Call 120 immediately and quickly send it to the hospital.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Immediately after poisoning, move the patient to a fresh air place.

â—† To go to hospital for follow-up treatment, active prevention and control of pulmonary edema is the key to rescue irritating gas poisoning.

â—† Those who have a close history of toxic exposure should observe closely and stay in bed to prevent the onset of the disease.

â—†Pressure oxygen to the patient.

Second, organic solvent poisoning

Organic solvents mainly refer to liquids that are difficult to dissolve in oils, resins, dyes, waxes, hydrocarbons, and other organic compounds. Such substances can cause human poisoning. The most common are benzene, toluene, xylene, gasoline, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl chloride, methanol, ethyl ether, acetone, carbon disulfide and so on.

Emergency points >>>

● Persons in areas with poisoning accidents ( especially downwinds ) should evacuate as soon as possible or avoid buildings in the area.

● Immediately move the patient to a fresh air place, remove contaminated clothing, and quickly wash contaminated skin with plenty of water and soapy water, while keeping warm. Intraocular polluters, rinse with water for at least 10 minutes.

● For breathing, cardiac arrest should be immediately artificial respiration and chest cardiac compression, conditional intramuscular injection of respiratory stimulants, etc.

● Acupuncture in the coma, ten Xuan, Yongquan and other acupuncture points

● Call 120 to call for help immediately and quickly sent to hospital for follow-up treatment.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Immediately after poisoning, the patient should be moved to a fresh air place.

â—† To quickly identify poisons.

â—† go to the hospital for follow-up treatment.

â—† Those who have a close history of toxic exposure should observe closely and stay in bed to prevent the onset of the disease.

Third, gas poisoning

When a coal stove is used for heating in a closed room, cooking, and using a gas water heater to bathe for a long time and the ventilation is not easy, a gas poisoning accident is prone to occur.

Emergency points >>>

● When a gas leak is found, the air source should be cut off immediately and the doors and windows must be opened quickly for ventilation. However, the movement should be gentle, to avoid the violent collision of metal to produce sparks and cause explosions. When the gas leaks, do not open or close any electrical equipment, do not open the range hood or exhaust fan exhaust, do not make calls in the gas-filled room, so as to avoid sparks and explosion. Do not stay indoors to prevent suffocation and poisoning. When the liquefied gas tank catches fire, it should be quickly soaked with towels, bedding, clothing, and immediately close the Valve of the liquefied gas tank.

● Immediately remove the patient from the toxic environment, open the window for ventilation and pay attention to keeping the patient warm.

● The patient needs to rest quietly to minimize heart and lung burdens and oxygen consumption. Patients with spontaneous breathing should be fully inhaled.

● For patients with respiratory and cardiac arrests, immediately take CPR and call 120 to call for help.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Use soapy water to brush gas pipeline connections, switches, hoses, valves, etc., observe the presence of air bubbles, and check for gas leaks.

â—† Patients should be taken to hospitals that have hyperbaric oxygen chambers to allow patients to receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy as early as possible to reduce sequelae.

â—† Do not use direct-discharge gas water heaters that have been banned by the state, properly install coal-fired heating stoves, regularly check coal-fired heaters, gas appliances, and eliminate the use of poor-quality stoves and chimneys.

IV. Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning

Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning refers to a series of poisoning phenomena after organophosphorus pesticides enter the human body through the respiratory tract, digestive tract or skin. If not rescued in time, the mortality rate is extremely high.

Emergency points >>>

● quickly from the scene, transferred to fresh air, ventilated place, and personnel in the toxic environment of the upper hand.

● In the eyes of the polluters, rinse with water for at least 10 minutes ; after oral administration and consciousness, induce vomiting immediately, gastric lavage, the sooner the more thoroughly the better.

● The coma maintains airway patency and takes the lateral position to prevent secretions and vomiters from blocking the trachea and causing asphyxia.

● Immediately call 120 to call for help, quickly sent to the hospital for rescue and follow-up treatment to prevent the disease from rebounding or complications.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Patients who have accidentally taken and self-administered pesticides should be sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.

â—† Ensure that the airway is open and prevent secretions and vomiters from clogging the trachea to cause asphyxia. If necessary, the oral and throat secretions can be sucked out.

â—† Collect and carry vomitus or residual poisons to prepare for poison identification.

â—† A poison gas poisoning accident occurs in places where people gather in pesticide production workshops. Rescuers should wear gas masks before entering the site.

â—† The patient or the surrounding staff should provide medical personnel with the names, dosage forms, and concentrations of pesticides that cause poisoning as much as possible in order to strive for time.

â—† When spraying pesticides, people should stand in the windward direction.

5. Tetramine Poisoning

Tetramine can cause poisoning through absorption in the digestive tract and respiratory tract. Its toxicity is severe, its chemical properties are stable, its toxic effects in plants can remain for a long time, and it causes long-term pollution to the ecological environment. After being ingested by animals, it can remain in the body in the form of original poisons. Excretion leads to secondary poisoning.

Emergency points >>>

● Immediate gastric lavage, vomiting, catharsis, and removal of stomach poisons.

● Keep the airway open and suck.

● convulsions, the patient should be suitably protected to prevent falls, muscle tear, fracture or joint dislocation and the like; laundry should be fitted back, abrasions and avoid back vertebral fracture; bite to prevent the tongue, stuffed with gauze wrapped spatula On the patient, between the lower teeth, but be careful not to cause the back of the tongue to fall, so as not to affect breathing.

● For breathing, cardiac arresters immediately perform artificial respiration and chest cardiac compression.

● Immediately call 120 , quickly sent to the hospital for rescue and follow-up treatment.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† The State prohibits the production and use of tetramine.

â—† Improve vigilance, strengthen protection, and prevent intentional poisoning.

VI. Food poisoning

Food poisoning refers to the non-communicable diseases that people ingested with toxic or harmful substances or take toxic and harmful substances as food. They can be divided into bacterial food poisoning, fungal food poisoning and chemical food poisoning.

Emergency points >>>

● When food poisoning symptoms occur or you eat chemicals, stop eating suspected foods immediately, drink plenty of clean water to dilute the toxins, use chopsticks or fingers to reach the back of the throat to stimulate the back of the pharynx, twitch the tongue, and seek medical advice.

● Find out if there is something unusual about eating with the patient and tell the doctor.

● Report to the local disease prevention and control agency or health monitoring agency.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Do not eat foods that are not fresh or smelly. Do not pick mushrooms, fresh day-lilies, or unknown plants. Lentils must be fried before eating, do not eat sprouted potatoes.

â—† Buy edible salt, aquatic products and meat products from formal channels.

â—† Raw and cooked foods should be stored separately. Aquatic products and meat foods should be fried and cooked before eating.

â—† Do not store chemicals in beverage bottles. Bottles containing chemicals should be clearly marked and stored in concealed areas to prevent children from drinking when they are unclear.

â—† Food samples should be taken as far as possible after food poisoning occurs. Or keep vomitus and excrement for laboratory use.

â—† Patients who have found food poisoning must be immediately taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Do not take drugs on their own.

Seven, nitrite poisoning

Nitrite poisoning occurs almost every year. Most of the causes of nitrite poisoning in the country are caused by the consumption of salt or nitrite as salt. A small part is the consumption of pickles and other nitrite-containing foods that have not been ripened or matured, water-induced poisoning, and the general symptoms of such poisoning are lighter.

Emergency points >>>

● Keep the patient in a fresh, well-ventilated environment and keep warm.

● Short eating time can induce vomiting. Stimulate the throat gently with chopsticks or fingers to induce vomiting.

● If the condition is serious and the time of poisoning is long, it should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Only purchase small packaged salt for sale in regular shopping malls and do not purchase bulk salt.

â—† Do not eat decayed vegetables or pickles that have not been marinated or have been deteriorating.

â—† " Industrial salt " usually contains nitrite. We cannot eat " industrial salt " as salt.

â—† It is strictly forbidden to mix nitrite with salt, and containers for packaging or storing nitrite should have aspiration.

â—† Contains nitrite foods have a bitter feeling, should be careful to eat bitter foods.

This article is edited and compiled by China Rescue Equipment Network. Please indicate the link.