As people in the industry know, the cost of farmed feed accounts for the majority of production costs. How to reduce this part of the cost is the focus of current business, because it has great potential to be tapped, and the recent decline in the price of soybean meal is indicating this. Under the premise of ensuring a balanced diet, seek some alternatives to feed and additives to achieve the intended purpose. Different species of animals, different varieties, different growth stages, different requirements, and different alternatives.
Fishmeal substitute
Fishmeal, as an important protein feed, with the development of animal husbandry, the demand is increasing. China's high-quality fishmeal mainly relies on imports. The production of world fishmeal is affected by many factors, and the research on its alternatives has become an important issue in the breeding industry.
The important nutritional role of fishmeal is not only related to high protein content, but also rich in a variety of "unknown growth factors" (UGF) is also an important factor. The latest research suggests that these mysterious substances are biological small peptides, organic chelated trace elements and natural hormones. However, for the investigation of the use of animal protein feed resources in China, since its resources are mostly imported and expensive, it is necessary to develop new resources
In the aquatic feed,
1 Development of yeast using the
Yeast has a high protein content (greater than 60%), comprehensive nutrition, and a wide range of raw materials. From the perspective of its production conditions and nutrients, yeast has a broad prospect as a protein feed for replacing fishmeal. The Liaoning Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute uses the waste liquid from the starch plant. The waste residue production yeast completely replaces the fish meal in the compound feed. The weight gain rate of the carp is close to or slightly higher than that of the whole fish meal. The feed cost is lower than the whole fish meal group. Did not cause fish lesions and changes in fish body composition. In addition, the tilapia feed can replace the fish meal with yeast, and the same effect is obtained.
2 Development of compound amino acids using the
The compound amino acid is a non-edible low-value animal protein (various hair, head, hoof, horn, leather) processed by processing, and the amino acid content is relatively complete, which basically meets the growth requirements of the farmed fish. The Xinjiang Fisheries Research Institute showed that the addition of 5% to 8% of compound amino acids to prepare catfish feed is completely feasible, and the benefits are large and the cost is low.
3 Development of feather powder using the
The crude protein content of feather meal can reach 70%~85%, and the metabolic energy is also high. Huai Nongda, Shen Weihua, etc. replaced the 50% fish meal in the carp feed with feather powder treated at room temperature and pressure, and the results were satisfactory. However, due to the stable structure of the disulfide bond in the structure of the feather protein, it is not easy to be hydrolyzed under normal conditions, and it is not conducive to digestion and absorption by the animal. Therefore, it is necessary to destroy the disulfide bond to improve the utilization of feather protein.
4 In addition,
Shimano et al. tested other protein sources in the squid feed instead of fishmeal. The results indicated that fishmeal can be used in several varieties (fresh meat, bran, rapeseed meal, meat meal, meat and bone meal), and the protein supply ratio is relatively stable. Instead, when the above protein is properly added to the fishmeal-based feed, not only can the feed cost be lowered, but also the feeding effect can be improved.
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