Gas Detector Knowledge Gas Awareness: Chlorine (Cl2)

Chemical identity
● Product Name: Chlorine ● Chemical Formula: Cl2
● Alias: Chlorine ● Product Use Type: General Industry

[composition/composition information]

ingredient	CAS number	Concentration (volume)
chlorine	7782-50-5	100%

Concentration is nominal. For the exact concentration of the mixture, refer to the technical specifications.

【Overview of dangers】
Emergency summary
● Reaction with water to produce corrosive acids.
● Severely accelerate combustion.
● May react violently with flammable materials.
● Keep away from oil, grease and combustibles.
● Avoid breathing gas.
● Compress the liquefied gas.
Potential health hazards
● Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. If inhaled, leave the site to fresh air.
● Eye contact: Can cause eye irritation. May cause permanent eye damage. Can cause blindness.
● Skin contact: Causes skin irritation. Causes skin burns. Contact with liquid may cause cold burns/frost stings.
Exposure guidelines
● The main invasive route: Inhalation.
● Target Organ: Unknown.
Symptoms ● Irritating to eyes and respiratory system, coughing.
Exacerbation of illness ● Acute or chronic respiratory disease.
Environmental Impact ● Harmful to the environment.

【first-aid】
● General advice: There is a possibility of hydrogen chloride generation for each route of exposure and therefore toxicity must be considered. Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus to move the patient to a non-contaminated area. Warm and rest for the patient. Get medical attention. If breathing stops, use artificial respiration.
● Skin contact: Immediate healing is required due to the slow and worse healing of untreated wounds on the skin. Rinse with plenty of water until it is effective. Remove contaminated clothing. Moisten the affected area with water for at least 15 minutes.
● Eye contact: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. Eyes widen when flushing.
● Ingestion: Ingestion is not considered a potential route of exposure.
● Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If you are short-term, give oxygen. If breathing stops and difficulty, help breathe. May require supplemental oxygen. If the heartbeat stops, CPR should be performed immediately by trained personnel. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is not recommended. If you are unconscious, seek medical attention by placing in a rescue location.
Doctor's Information
● Treatment: If present, treat bronchial spasm and laryngeal edema. Observation of delayed chemical pneumonia, pulmonary hemorrhage and edema.

【Fire-fighting measures】
● Suitable Extinguishing Media: All known extinguishing media can be used.
● Special hazards: When exposed to high heat or flame, the cylinders will rapidly vent and/or violently explode. Oxidizers. Strong support for combustion. May react violently with flammable materials. Some substances that are not flammable in the air may burn in the presence of oxidants. The use of water can lead to the production of highly toxic aqueous solutions. Keep away from the cylinder and spray it from a protected location to cool it. Cool adjacent cylinders with plenty of water until the flames burn out. Keep the container and the environment cool with water mist. It is forbidden to let the fire water enter the drain or water channel. The gas is heavier than air and may condense or stick to the place where the ignition source exists.
● Special protective equipment for firefighters: If necessary, wear self-contained breathing apparatus when extinguishing.

[Leakage emergency treatment]
● Personal precautions: Evacuate personnel to a safe area. When the gas concentration in the area is unknown or exceeds the exposure limit, use a self-contained breathing apparatus or a positive-pressure tube respirator with a face mask and escape kit. Unless it can prove air safety, wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Use chemical protective clothing. Increase ventilation in the operating area.
● Environmental precautions: It should not be released into the environment. Prevent continued leakage or spillage while ensuring safety. Prevent access to sewers, basements and work pits, or any other place where hazardous accumulation may occur.
● Cleaning methods: Increase the ventilation of the operating area. Close to suspected leakage areas should be careful.
● Other suggestions: Large spills may require considerable downwind evacuation. If possible, stop the delivery of the product. Increase ventilation in the leak area and monitor the concentration. If you are leaking from a cylinder or cylinder valve, call the Air Products emergency telephone. If leaks occur in the customer's system, the cylinder valve should be closed before attempting repair, safely vented, and purged with inert gas.

[Operation and Storage]
Disposal
• Carbon steel, stainless steel, Monel copper-nickel alloy or copper are suitable structural materials in the absence of moisture. In the presence of moisture, Hastelloy, platinum or gold has good corrosion resistance. Prevent physical damage to the cylinder. Do not drag, pull, roll or kick the cylinder. The temperature in the storage area must not exceed 50°C (122°). Only properly trained and experienced personnel can operate the compressed gas. Check the label for confirmation before use. Before use, you should know and understand the product's characteristics and dangers. If you have questions about how to operate a particular gas, consult your supplier. Do not remove or damage the label provided by the supplier to confirm the contents of the cylinder. When transporting cylinders, the trailers (carts, trolleys, etc.) are transported even at short distances. Be sure to cap the bonnet until the cylinder is fixed to the wall, ready for use on the shelf or in the equipment. Use an adjustable wrench with a wrench to open the tight or rusted bonnet.
Before connecting the cylinders, pay attention to the following: The gas system is suitable, especially the pressure range and material. Before using the connection container, feedback from the system to the container is prohibited. Ensure that the entire gas system is compatible with the pressure rating and structural materials. Before use, make sure that the entire gas system has been checked for no leakage. When the gas is released into the system at a lower pressure level than the vessel, a suitable pressure regulator is used. Do not insert anything into the bonnet (eg, wrench, screwdriver, crowbar, etc.). Doing so can damage the valve and cause a leak. Slowly open the valve. When users encounter any difficulties with the cylinder valve, stop using it and contact the supplier. Even if it is connected to the device, close the valve after each use and after it is empty. Do not attempt to repair cylinder valves and pressure relief devices. If the valve is damaged, report the supplier immediately. The valve should be closed after each use and when empty. After removing the cylinder from the equipment, the outlet plug should be replaced as soon as possible. Do not subject the cylinder to abnormal mechanical vibration, as it may damage the valve and pressure relief device. Do not attempt to use a valve cap to lift the cylinder. Cylinders can only be used as containers for gases and cannot be used as rollers, supports or other uses. Do not re-compress the arc on the gas cylinder or make it part of the circuit. Keep the container valve outlet clean and free of contamination, especially oil and water stains. Do not smoke when handling gas or cylinders. Do not recompress the gas before consulting the supplier. Do not try to transfer gas from one cylinder to another. Use anti-reverse devices on the pipeline. Before the gas is introduced and before the system is used, purge the system with a dry inert gas such as helium or nitrogen. Prevent inhalation of water, acids and alkalis. It is recommended to set cross cleaning components between the cylinder and the regulator. Valve outlet plugs should be installed when returning the cylinder. Do not allow oil, grease, or other flammable substances to come into contact with valves or containers containing oxygen or other oxidants. Avoid using quick opening valves (eg ball valves). Slowly open the valve to avoid pressure oscillations.
Do not pressurize the entire system immediately. Only use equipment that is used in an oxygen environment after cleaning and that meets the cylinder pressure rating. Do not use open flame or electric heating equipment to increase the pressure inside the container. The container temperature must not exceed 50°C (122°). Should be kept below -30°C (-20°) for long periods. It is forbidden to attempt to increase the liquid withdrawal rate by pressurization before contacting the supplier. It is forbidden to allow liquefied gas to be trapped in a part of the system, as this may cause hydraulic rupture.
store
● The cylinders should be stored upright and the bottle body should be fixed to prevent tipping. Close the valve and install the appropriate outlet cap (Cap) or outlet plug (Plug). Container bonnet or protective device to be installed in place. The storage of all containers should be set to "first-in, first-out". Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place. Check the condition of the container regularly and check for leaks. Obey all local regulations on container storage. Local regulations may have special requirements for the storage of toxic gases. Do not store in open air to prevent rust and extreme weather. Do not store cylinders in environments that may accelerate corrosion. The cylinders should be stored in well-ventilated buildings, preferably open to the atmosphere. Keep containers tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Store containers in areas where there is no risk of fire and keep them away from heat and sources of ignition. Full and empty cylinders should be isolated. Avoid storage temperatures exceeding 50°C (122°). Set the "No smoking or open flame" mark in the storage area. Return empty bottles promptly. The place where flammable substances are stored should be separated from oxygen and other oxidants by at least 20 feet (6.1 meters), or separated by at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) high non-combustible material barrier, and fireproof time of at least 1/2 hour . Technical/Preventive Measures Containers should be stored in categories classified according to local regulations (eg, flammable, toxic, etc.). Keep away from combustibles. Containers containing oxygen and oxidants and flammable gases should be separated by fire protection. Store isolated from flammable gases and other flammable substances.

[contact control/personal protection]
Engineering Controls ● Provide appropriate natural or explosion-proof ventilation to ensure that the concentration is below the exposure limit.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ● Respiratory Protection: Use self-contained breathing apparatus or positive pressure tube respirator with face mask and escape bag when the gas concentration in the area is unknown or exceeds the exposure limit. Personnel using respirators must be trained.
● Hand protection: Wear anti-acid gloves. It is recommended to use safety gloves when handling cylinders. The penetration time of the selected glove must be greater than the predetermined period of use.
● Eye protection: It is recommended to use safety glasses when handling cylinders. When connecting, cutting or opening cylinders, wear full face masks in addition to safety glasses.
● Skin and body protection: Wear acid-resistant gloves (for example, butyl rubber, neoprene, polyethylene) and splash-proof clothing when connecting, cutting, or opening cylinders. Low temperatures may cause embrittlement of the protective material, resulting in breakage and direct contact. Contact with cold evaporated liquid on gloves or clothes may result in low temperature burns or frostbite. It is recommended to use safety shoes when handling cylinders.
● Specific instructions for health protection: Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas. Provide good ventilation and/or local exhaust to prevent accumulation of concentrations above the exposure limit. The gloves must be clean and free of oil and grease on the outside.
Exposure limits

chlorine	Time Weighted Average (TWA): ACGIH	0.5 ppm	-
chlorine	Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): ACGIH	1 ppm	-
chlorine	Maximum limit and time period (if specified): NIOSH	0.5 ppm1	1.45 mg/m3
chlorine	Maximum limit: OSHA Z1	Ppm	3 mg/m3

Chlorine Time-Weighted Average (TWA): ACGIH 0.5 ppm - Chlorine Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL): ACGIH 1 ppm - Maximum chlorine limit and time period (if specified): NIOSH 0.5 ppm 1.45 mg/m3 Maximum chlorine limit: OSHA Z1 1 ppm 3 mg/m3
[Physical and Chemical Properties]
● Status: Liquefied gas.
● Color: yellow-green.
● Odor: spicy taste.
● Molecular weight: 70.91 g/mol
Relative vapor density: 2.448 (air = 1)
● Relative density: 1.6 (water = 1)
● Vapor pressure: 98.62 psia (6.80 bar), 68° (20°C)
● Density: 0.187 lb/ft3 (0.0030 g/cm3), 70° (21°C)
● Note: (by vapor meter)
● Specific volume: 5.39 ft3/lb (0.3365 m3/kg), 70° (21°C)
● Boiling point/boiling range: -29° (-33.8°C)
Critical temperature: 291? (144°C)
● Melting point/melting range: -150? (-101°C)
● Water solubility: 8.620 g/l [Stability and Reactivity]
● Stability: Stable under normal conditions.
● Incompatible materials: Alkali-alkaline brass may react violently with flammable materials.
May react violently with reducing agents.
Severe oxidation of organic matter.
Reacts with water to produce corrosive acids.
May react violently with alkali.
With water causes rapid corrosion of certain metals.
Oil, grease, and all other flammable substances.
Organic flammable substances [Toxicological information]
Acute health hazards
● Ingestion: The product itself has no useful information.
● Inhalation: LC50 (1 hour): 293 ppm
● Type: Rat ● Skin: The product itself has no useful information.
Chronic Health Hazards ● Pregnant rats exposed to 300 ppm hydrochloric acid for 1 hour had a 5-fold higher mortality rate than control rats. In addition, surviving rat pups showed renal dysfunction. Exposure concentrations were 1, 3, and 9 ppm chlorine, respectively, 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, and 6 weeks of rats exhibited respiratory effects and lower body weight than control animals. The severity of these effects is related to the dose. In addition, liver and kidney effects were observed in rats treated at 3 ppm concentration.

[ecological data]
● Ecotoxicological effects:
Aqueous Toxicity: May cause changes in pH of aquatic ecosystems. Toxic to aquatic organisms.
Toxicity to other organisms: No relevant information available.
● Sustainability and degradability:
Liquidity: No relevant information.
Bioaccumulation: The product itself has no useful information.
Other information: Toxic to aquatic life.

Disposal
● Residual/unused products: Comply with local and national regulations. Return the unused product to the supplier with the original cylinder. If you need guidance, contact the supplier. Do not release into the atmosphere.
● Contaminated packaging: recycled by the supplier.

【Transport information】
● ADR Correct Transport Name: Chlorine Rating: 2.3 (8) UN/ID: UN1017
● IATA correct shipping name: Chlorine UN/ID: UN1017
● IMDG Correct Transport Name: Chlorine Level: 2.3 (8) UN/ID: UN1017
● RID Correct shipping name: Chlorine Rating: 2.3 (8) UN/ID: UN1017
● Other information: Avoid transporting vehicles that are not separated from the driver's cab through loading space. Make sure the driver understands the potential hazards and knows what to do in an emergency.

【Regulatory Information】
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Hazard Communication Standard (29CFR 1910.1200) Hazard Levels ● Toxic ● Oxidizing Agents ● Corrosive ● Compressed Gases

country	List of regulations
United States	TSCA
EU	EINECS
Canada	DSL
Australia	AICS
Japan	ENCS
Korea	ECL
China	SEPA
Philippines	PICCS

EPA SARA Title III, Section 312 (40CFR370) Risk Classification
● Acute health hazards ● Fire hazards ● Risk of sudden pressure release EPA SARA Title III, section 313 (40CFR 372) Component (s) above' de minimus' level
● Chlorine California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act (Recommendation 65)
● This product does not contain any chemicals known to be associated with cancer, birth defects, or any other harmful effects in California.

【other information】

Level: NFPA Level	Level: HMIS Level
Health hazards: 4	Health hazards: 3
Flammability: 0	Flammability: 0
Instability: 0	Physical hazards: 2
Special situation: OX