Papaya is a genus of the genus Chaenomeles, and its fruit is rich in nutrients and has high medicinal value. The main technical points of cultivation of high-yield papaya in Daejeon are as follows:
Planting
Papaya is suitable for close planting, hilly and thin land in the mountains, the plant spacing is generally 1.5-2 m × 3 m, the flat water is good, the plant spacing is 2-3 m × 4-5 m, and the spacing between the plants and the grain is 3 - 5 meters × 5-6 meters is appropriate. Papaya can be planted in spring, or can be planted in autumn. After planting, it can be dried at 70-80 cm above the ground. When germination, the buds within 50 cm of the base of the roots and the trunk are wiped out in time, and the dense new shoots are appropriately removed.
Soil and fertilizer management
Papaya has strong adaptability, and the soil requirements are not strict, it is resistant to thinness, it is more resistant to salt and alkali, and it is not resistant to cockroaches. Most of the papaya garden base fertilizers are applied in autumn, and the amount of base fertilizer application accounts for about 70% of the total annual application. The top dressing should be carried out according to the growth result of the papaya tree in the maximum fertilizer period. In the fruit-bearing period, trees should be applied in time for pre-flowering fertilizer, post-flower fertilizer, and fruit-expanding fertilizer. The special fertilizer for fruit trees before flowering is 0.2-0.3 kg. In general, combined with control pests and diseases, spraying 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The fruit is expanded during the period of application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In the autumn, the base fertilizer is applied, and the result is 10-15 kg of organic fertilizer per plant, and 0.5-1.0 kg of ternary compound fertilizer is mixed, and the amount of fertilizer applied to the young trees is reduced. After fertilization, fill the water once, pay attention to water control during flowering. After planting in arid areas, the mulch should be covered with mulch or covered with grass.
Shaping and trimming
After grafting, the papaya tree is relatively erect. After a little pruning, it can be shaped into a cup shape, cylindrical or slender spindle shape, with a slender spindle shape, a tree height of 2.1-2.3 m and a crown diameter of 1.2- 1.8 meters, dry height 0.5-0.6 meters, the main trunk is 8-12 staggered main branches, the adjacent main branches are 20-30 cm apart, and there are 1-3 result branches on each main branch. The main branch should be gently released to promote the middle and short branches. Pruning is mainly for sparseness. In the growing season, attention should be paid to the removal of the middle-strength competition branches, the vertical branches of the crown, the dense branches, the thin branches, and the diseased branches. The branching part can leave 1-2 buds and short sections to promote branching. The result of aging should be retracted and updated in time.
Pest control
The main pests and diseases of papaya are: leaf spot disease and round spot disease. Anthracnose, dry rot, aphid, red spider, papaya, peach small heartworm, pear hibiscus, thorn moth, etc., prevention and treatment methods: spray imidacloprid EC 3000 times in early March, late May to early June and early July Each spray of 30% Tao Xiaoling EC 500 times and 50% carbendazim WP 600-800 times mixture, prevention and control of papaya, moth, peach heartworm and leaf spot, etc., from late July to before the leaves At intervals of 20-25 days, alternately spray 70% mancozeb 800 times solution, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600-800 times solution, equal amount of Bordeaux mixture and other fungicides, spray a total of 3-4 times. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of various pests such as caterpillars and pear mites. After entering the winter, the orchards will be cleaned up, and the leaves, dead fruits, and pests will be removed and burned.
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