Key points of fertilization techniques for planting flue-cured tobacco from slope to ladder

In recent years, the national project to promote the terracing slopes, terracing project to implement some of the larger slope of the mountain, the soil erosion of the mountains mountain produces good results. However, in some places, the effect of planting tobacco after the slope was changed to a ladder was poor. Most plots of tobacco plants are late-maturing, and large erythema appears in the lower leaves and upper leaves, similar to the symptoms of acidosis in tobacco soils. Some plots are more serious in brown spot disease, which is also inconsistent with soil nutrients after slope change. Badness is associated with decreased resistance. The growth and development of tobacco plants in local plots are hindered and cannot grow up, which seriously affects the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out special conditioning on the mountain-planted tobacco soil of the slope-changing ladder to meet the requirements of high-quality tobacco production.

 

The soil of tobacco planting is red soil, and the structure is relatively heavy. In the growing season of the field, the soil is tightly closed and the permeability is poor. The soil compaction is tight. After the slope is changed to the ladder, the soil layer is inverted in the local area, and the lower layer of the soil layer or the parent layer is exposed, which makes the new tillage soil more compact and will cause the root system of the tobacco plant to develop poorly, and the growth in the middle and early stages is not good. The fertilizer utilization rate is low, and the nitrogen supply in the late stage of the tobacco planting soil is high, which causes the content of nicotine and nitrogen compounds in the upper tobacco leaves to be too high, which seriously affects the quality of tobacco leaves. Furthermore, due to the slope change, the soil layer in the local area is significantly thickened, and the fertility is greatly improved. The nitrogen supply in the late stage of the tobacco planting soil is more, and the mature yellowing is not good. In the above case, the following measures should be adopted:

 

　　 1. Partition fertilization: After the slope is changed to the upper part of the block and the lower part of the middle layer or the mother layer is exposed, the nutrient is relatively lacking. The fertilizer must be applied according to the soil diagnosis result, especially the organic fertilizer; and the lack of trace element fertilizer material. Applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the lower jaw and applying less nitrogen fertilizer.

 

　　 2. Adding organic fertilizer: After the slope is changed to the ladder, the soil layer in the local area is inverted or exposed to the lower layer of the soil layer or the parent layer, resulting in a serious lack of soil organic matter in the area. Adding fertilized manure, compost, straw and other organic fertilizers will produce better results.

 

　　 3. Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer: After the slope is changed to the upper part of the block and the lower part of the middle layer or the parent layer, the phosphorus and potassium nutrients are more scarce, and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer must be applied according to the soil diagnosis result.

 

　　 4 , planting green manure: in some soils with relatively thin slopes to change the soil of ladder planting tobacco to promote the cultivation of light green leaves alfalfa, alfalfa, big claw grass and other green manure. Fully ripen the new plough layer and plant the 2-3 years later.

 

　　 5. Application of lime and dolomite powder: After the slope is changed to the lower layer, the soil layer or the parent layer is exposed, which leads to the acidity of the new tillage layer, the soil nutrients are not coordinated, the nutrient resistance of the tobacco plants is decreased, and the symptoms of acidosis occur in severe cases. Improve it.

 

Liming, soil pH dolomite improved process: The amount of lime soil acidity administered, are generally administered in an amount of 0.067 ha 60 ~ 150kg, dolomite 0.067 ha application rate of 100kg, using the approach of the applicator, the applicator 50 before farmland % , 50% after the arable land is smashed . The amount of lime is generally not more than 200kg/0.067 hectares at a time. Excessive dosage will affect the absorption of potassium and magnesium by tobacco plants, and it will cause boron deficiency in tobacco plants. At the same time, excessive lime will strengthen the mineralization of soil organic matter and the ability of nitrogen supply in the later stage of soil. Improve, affect the mature and yellow of tobacco leaves. Liming soil acidity adjustment after a certain effect, usually administered every other year. Dolomite powder (the main component is calcium magnesium carbonate [CaMg(CO3)2] ) can also be used to regulate soil acidity. The ability of dolomite powder to neutralize soil acidity is slow and long-lasting. It can provide magnesium nutrition of tobacco plants and avoid the use of large amounts of lime. Ca , K , Mg ion antagonism and soil compaction.

 

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