Machine drilling machines are available in a wide range of sizes and sizes. The types of modern machine tools are almost limitless. Some machine tools are small enough to be installed on the workbench, and some are large enough to build a special factory to accommodate. Some machine tools are quite simple, and some machines are very complicated in construction and operation.
Regardless of whether the machine is large or small, simple or complex, it can be divided into six categories. These six categories are the six basic methods for forming metal.
1 drilling
Drilling machine refers to a machine tool that mainly uses a drill bit to machine a hole in a workpiece. Usually the drill bit rotates for the main motion and the drill bit moves axially for the feed motion. The drilling machine has a simple structure and relatively low machining precision. It can drill through holes and blind holes, replace special tools, expand, boring, reaming or tapping.
Drilling machines can be divided into the following types:
(1) Bench Drilling Machine: A small drilling machine that can be placed on the workbench and the main shaft is vertically arranged.
(2) Vertical drilling machine: the headstock and the worktable are placed on the column, and the drilling machine is arranged vertically.
(3) Radial Drilling Machine: The rocker arm can be rotated and lifted around the column. Usually, the headstock can be used as a horizontally moving drilling machine on the rocker arm. It is suitable for machining large and different azimuth holes.
(4) Milling and drilling machine: The working table can be moved vertically and horizontally, the drill shaft is vertically arranged, and the drilling machine can be milled.
(5) Deep hole drilling machine: use a special deep hole drill bit to rotate the workpiece and drill a deep hole drilling machine.
(6) Flat-end center hole drilling machine: cutting shaft end face and central hole drilling machine processed by center drilling.
(7) Horizontal drilling machine: the drilling machine is arranged horizontally and the headstock can be moved vertically.
2 turning
The lathe refers to a machine tool that rotates the workpiece as the main motion and the turning tool moves into the rotary surface of the feed motion. It can be used to machine a variety of rotary forming surfaces, such as: inner and outer cylindrical surface, inner and outer conical surface, internal and external threads and end faces, grooves, knurling and so on. It is the most widely used metal cutting machine in the world, with the longest production history and the most variety of machine tools.
There are many types of lathes. According to their application, the structure can be divided into: instrument lathe, horizontal lathe, single-axis automatic lathe, multi-axis automatic and semi-automatic lathe, turret lathe, vertical lathe, multi-tool semi-automatic lathe, special lathe Wait. Ordinary machine tools are the most common machine tools used to turn workpieces. Turning is the process of cutting metal from a workpiece. While the workpiece is rotating, the tool cuts into the workpiece or turns along the workpiece.
A boring is a method of expanding or further machining a hole that has been drilled or cast on a metal workpiece. The boring on the lathe is done by rotating the single-edged tool on one side and facing the workpiece.
3 milling
Milling machine refers to a machine tool that mainly uses a milling cutter to machine various surfaces on a workpiece. Usually, the rotary motion of the milling cutter is the main motion, and the movement of the workpiece (and) milling cutter is the feed motion. It can process planes, grooves, and various surfaces, gears, and so on. There are many types of milling machines, and according to their structure, there are mainly:
(1) Bench milling machine: small
The rocker universal milling machine is used for milling machines for small parts such as instruments and meters.
(2) Cantilever milling machine: milling machine with milling head mounted on the cantilever. The bed is horizontally arranged. The cantilever can usually move vertically along the column rail on one side of the bed, and the milling head moves along the cantilever rail.
(3) ram type milling machine: the milling machine with the spindle mounted on the ram, the bed is horizontally arranged, the ram can be moved laterally along the sliding saddle rail, and the sliding saddle can be moved vertically along the column guide.
(4) Gantry milling machine: The bed is horizontally arranged, and the columns and connecting beams on both sides constitute the milling machine of the gantry. The milling head is mounted on beams and columns and can be moved along its guide rails. Usually the beam can move vertically along the column rail and the table can be moved longitudinally along the bed rail. For large parts processing.
(5) Plane milling machine: milling machine for milling plane and forming surface, the bed is horizontally arranged, usually the table moves longitudinally along the bed rail, and the spindle can move axially. It has a simple structure and high production efficiency.
(6) Copy milling machine: A milling machine that performs contouring on a workpiece. Generally used to machine complex shaped workpieces.
(7) Elevator milling machine: A milling machine with a lifting platform that can move vertically along the rail of the bed. The table and saddle that are usually mounted on the lifting platform can be moved longitudinally and laterally, respectively.
(8) Rocker milling machine: The rocker arm is mounted on the top of the bed. The milling head is mounted on one end of the rocker arm. The rocker arm can be rotated and moved in the horizontal plane. The milling head can rotate the milling machine at a certain angle on the end face of the rocker arm.
(9) Bed-type milling machine: The worktable cannot be lifted and lowered, and can be moved longitudinally along the guide rail of the bed. The milling head or the column can be used as a vertical moving milling machine.
(10) Special milling machines: for example, tool milling machines: milling machines for milling tooling tools with high machining precision and complex machining shapes.
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