Nowadays, people's living standards are constantly improving, and non-polluting, non-residual and pollution-free green food has become a fashion fashion. Due to drug residues and drug resistance problems, the use of chemically synthesized antibiotics in feeds has not been able to adapt to the increasing demand for food safety in the world. Many countries have stricter restrictions on antibiotics. As a plant extract antibiotic, oregano oil can enhance the immunity of animal organisms, and has antibacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and anti-coccidial effects, which can improve feed utilization and promote animal growth. Oregano oil has been approved by the Ministry of Agriculture as a pharmaceutical feed additive for long-term addition to feed because of its characteristics of green, environmental protection, antibacterial growth, non-toxicity, no residue and resistance to drug resistance. Because of its relatively simple extraction process and relatively high production cost, most of the broad applications (more than 95%) in modern livestock production are synthetic carvacrol.
1. The difference between the synthesis and extraction of oregano oil
1.1 Synthetic oregano oil : The taste is not good, there is a strong pungent smell, the test compound has a single component, the skin kills the bacteria well, and the effect on the stomach and other diseases is not good, and there is no growth promoting effect.
1.2 extraction of oregano oil
1.2.1 Extracting the chemical properties of oregano oil
Oregano oil is a volatile oil extracted from the plant oregano. It has a strong aroma and is completely different from the hyssop. It has a slightly spicy taste and is native to the Mediterranean coast. The US Department of Agriculture's "Phytochemistry and Plant Ecology" database states that oregano contains about 50 different compounds, of which more than 30 are antibacterial compounds. Oregano oil is a mixture, the main component is phenolic compounds, the main chemical components are thymol, cinnabarol, γ-terpinene and p-isopropyltoluene, γ-terpinene and p-isopropyltoluene. The precursors of biosynthesis of thymol and celery are also antimicrobial, and the contents of the four chemical components vary depending on factors such as geographical location, harvest season and different plant parts. (The content of oregano in the central and western regions of China is different.)
D Vokou et al. (1993) reported that the content of four chemical components of oregano oil is related to latitude. Zheng Guohua et al. (1999) applied gas chromatography to study the content of thyme (the main component of oregano oil) produced in various growth stages in Hubei Province. From the results of the different growth stages collected from May to October, the content of oregano volatile essential oil extracted from oregano in July was 0.553mL/100g, which was significantly higher than other months, and was included in the growth period of oregano oil. The composition is generally consistent, and the content of thymol in oregano oil collected from July to August is the highest.
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