(I) Fertilization dosage The potato is grown in the south and north of China, and the soil fertility is very inconsistent. In the southern soil, there is more potassium deficiency. Potassium fertilizer should be added. In the north soil, there is more phosphorus deficiency. Phosphate fertilizer should be added. However, the demand for potassium in potato should be emphasized. The experiment shows that the suitable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the production of potato: NP2O5K2O in the northern region is 10.45～0.550.45～0.55, the average is 10. 0. 5; southern region 10. 25～0. 35:0. 85～0. 95, the average is 10. 30. If the potato is 1500 kg per mu, and the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is generally required to be 8 to 12 kg, the average fertilization amount of N-P2O5-K2O in the northern region is 10-5-5 kg ​​in the southern region is 10-3-9 kg. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer: less land or farmer's fertilizer, should be upper limit, fertilizer or farmyard fertilizer, should be lower limit.
(B) fertilization method Potato is a tuber crop, like loose sandy soil, requires cool temperatures. When fertilizing, there should be more farmyard manure combined with chemical fertilizer as base fertilizer, which can improve the physical properties of the soil, and is conducive to growth and potato formation. Topdressing is divided into two parts: 1 to protect the seedling fertilizer, after the seedlings, to promote the growth of stems and leaves; 2 to promote the potato period, in the planting period and the potato period, to meet the nutrients needed for potato, and promote early potato, More potato. The distribution of fertilizers generally leaves about 50% of nitrogen fertilizer for topdressing, and the remaining fertilizers are all used as base fertilizer. The 2/3 nitrogen fertilizer in the base fertilizer is heavily chased to protect the seedling fertilizer, and the remaining 1/3 of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied to promote the potato fertilizer according to the growth condition of the plant. Because the temperature of the spring potato is low in the early stage, the base fertilizer should be applied with nitrogen fertilizer, or the nitrogen fertilizer should be traced early to promote the early growth of the potato seedling.
Base fertilizer, fertilization before planting, when planting, ditch or hole application, about 15 cm deep. Top dressing, the first time should be applied to the side of the plant, the second time with the application of the strip or the hole, digging deep between the rows 7 to 10 cm, after fertilization, the soil is used to prevent the loss of fertilizer. Potato is sensitive to trace elements of boron and zinc. If the soil is deficient in boron or zinc deficiency, or other large elements, it can use 0.1 to 0.3% borax or zinc sulfate, or 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Or the aqueous solution of urea is sprayed outside the root, generally sprayed once every 7 days, a total of 2 to 3 times, 50 to 70 kg of the solution can be used. It is not advisable to apply too much chlorine-containing fertilizer to potato, otherwise it will affect the quality of the crop.
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