Progress in research on beech furniture

In 1999, in the monograph of the "Muscular Furniture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties", Jiangnan Elm and Elm Furniture were further elaborated: "The local materials are the human beings who adapt to the natural environment and create material products that meet their daily needs. The most basic rule. People's understanding and utilization of natural materials is often a sign of the degree of civilization of a nation, a country, and a region. Su-style furniture began to widely use the local production of eucalyptus in Jiangnan. On the basis of mass production of eucalyptus furniture, the design level and craftsmanship of wooden furniture have been continuously improved. In the long-term production practice, the traditional concept of ancient Chinese used to produce and use lacquered furniture has been gradually changed for thousands of years... The development of Ming Dynasty furniture has entered a new historical stage. Elm furniture has become a pioneer in the creation of ancient Chinese hardwood furniture and has gained an important position."

"In the Soviet-style furniture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the production of long-lasting products and rich and varied products is the most suitable for the furniture. Today, all the furniture of the Ming and Qing Dynasties have clearly recognized: the earliest and the best Ming furniture Many of them are made of eucalyptus wood; various varieties of eucalyptus furniture can be found in different historical periods. It is not difficult to infer that the so-called furniture is typical and representative of Ming-style furniture, firstly because of the vast majority. The mass production of folk eucalyptus furniture has laid a deep foundation. This also clearly illustrates an important feature of Soviet-style furniture in terms of materials. This feature has become a completely different distinction and feature between Soviet-style furniture and Other regional furniture cultures."

At the end of 2007, he went to Hainan Island to inspect the materials used in the Ming and Qing Dynasties for the decoration of Dalbergia chinensis (commonly known as Hainan Huanghua Pear). However, it was found that such high-quality wood was only used in Hainan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties as a building material, or in the manufacture of daily living utensils and production tools, including knife piers, chicken troughs, plow handles, Climb and so on. At that time, most of the furniture made in Hainan was very simple. In Hainan, the fragrant Dalbergia was only regarded as an ordinary wood in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, it did not produce such glory in the history of Ming and Qing furniture like Jiangnan Elm. This historical scenario fully illustrates that a certain kind of material is not pure, but in a certain environment, under certain conditions, people's understanding, utilization, and transformation of a certain substance produce and create a new culture. phenomenon.

It can be seen that the origin of Ming style furniture originated from the Jiangnan area centered on Suzhou. In addition to the indispensable condition of using timber, it is more important that people's cultural ideas for high-quality wood are centered on Suzhou. The result of the economic foundation, the era background and the humanistic consciousness of the Jiangnan region at the time.

It is not difficult to see that in recent years, in the theoretical research and social production of traditional furniture, there are still some similar biases and mistakes in the understanding of materials and furniture. So far, there are still many "hot wood furniture". The phenomenon of "materials" and expensive, "materials" and beauty, "materials" introduced in the present, the design and innovation of today's traditional furniture, the improvement of the living culture of the living room furniture and the development of social life civilization Has brought a certain impact.

As a result, in 2008, the collection of the owner of Lingyan Mountain House and the Suzhou Vocational University jointly organized a themed exhibition featuring the Zhangmu furniture in Suzhou, exhibiting more than 140 pieces of Jiangnan Ming and Qing dynasty furniture, including Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. A masterpiece of Ming style furniture during the period. Now choose the Ming Dynasty Elm group 螭 六 six-column canopy bed, Ming Dynasty 榉 wood Ganoderma lucidum pattern 夹 榫 painting case, Qing Dynasty Kangxi carved 榉 翘 案 淸 淸, 淸 乾 乾 榉 榉 榉 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸 淸Screen couches, etc., are examples, revisiting the original feelings, and envying the readers.

The study of Chinese Ming-style furniture has entered a difficult area that has been difficult to avoid from the beginning. Due to lack of understanding, researchers have not paid attention to and paid attention to the source of Ming-style furniture. Until today, many people still think it seems to be "yellow". The appearance of the rosewood furniture has produced Chinese Ming furniture. From 1944, the German scholar Gustav Eck published "Chinese rosewood furniture map" to 1985 Wang Shizhen published "Ming-style furniture treasure" and in 1989 published "Ming-style furniture research", they are in China The study of furniture has unconsciously neglected the special role played by Jiangnan Elm Furniture in the development of ancient Chinese lacquer furniture to hardwood furniture. Wang believes that eucalyptus is "solid than ordinary wood but not hardwood". However, when it comes to "fine wood furniture", it also says "which may include eucalyptus (wood) furniture," and said "circle." In the north, the so-called Nanxun furniture (note: that is, eucalyptus furniture) is also quite a lot, more than the Ming style, the shape and production techniques are the same as the hardwood furniture such as huanghuali." However, the formation of hardwood furniture such as "Huanghua Pear" is precisely the "fine wood furniture" in the Jiangnan area centered on Suzhou for a long time, that is, the production of eucalyptus furniture, but it has not attracted attention. Later, some people even described the Jiangnan Elm furniture as “village furniture” and “wooden furniture”. They took the pioneering spirit of the Ming Dynasty furniture with a sense of derogatory psychology and values, and produced it later.

For example, in the 10th issue of "Collectors" magazine in 1995, the author of "Chinese Country Furniture" thinks: "After the vacancy of Huanghualimu at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it is obvious that the import of redwood has not kept up, and Suzhou craftsmen cannot stop production. Therefore, a large number of Ming style-style Su-made furniture is made of local fine wood - eucalyptus wood." In the following 23rd issue of the magazine, the article also stated: "The coffin is a unique wood in Suzhou. The northerners call it Nanxun, which is the preferred wood for Suzhou artisans to replace huanghuali."

In the officially published book "Chinese Redwood Furniture" in 1996, he published his own different views. "In the Jiangnan area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the folks use the locally produced eucalyptus as the material for furniture. The eucalyptus furniture used in daily life brings a pioneering opportunity to traditional Chinese furniture. The eucalyptus, the Jiangnan people write it as '椐木', the wood texture is firm, the color is bright, and the pattern is beautiful. Especially the tree is long, thick and straight. The tree material is red-orange in color, and the structure of the texture is arranged in an orderly wavy pattern, commonly known as 'treasure pattern'. From the Ming Dynasty eucalyptus furniture, we can see at a glance that the craftsmen at that time created this natural essence texture. The aesthetic artisans. In Suzhou and Songjiang, this kind of wooden furniture is also called 'fine wood guy' to show the difference in craftsmanship and category between the traditional 'ginkgo lacquer' furniture. This kind of furniture has already played a very important role in people's minds at the time."

It is also emphasized that “the coffin is regarded as 'hardwood' in the folks of Jiangnan, and the furniture made is very elegant. It is not only the forerunner of high quality hardwood furniture in ancient China, but also has been continuously produced until the 1950s and 1960s in the 20th century. The longest-running folk practical hardwood furniture. The role of Jiangnan Elm furniture in the development of high-quality hardwood furniture, and the positive significance of Ming and Qing furniture culture, has become more and more a consensus today.

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