Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam) is one of the three main engineering materials in combination with wooden I-beams and veneer lumber. Glulam is also solid wood, sometimes referred to as finger joints, which can be painted with wood wax to prevent deformation.
Glulam is a term used by domestic universities and scientific research departments. It highlights the use of adhesive gluing. The title is relatively clear, so the glulam is also called glulam.
Basic Features:
(1) The laminated timber is manufactured from the short material of the solid wood into the required size and shape, so that the small material can be used in large quantities and the inferior material can be used.
(2) The material used for the integrated material removes wood defects such as knots and decay before gluing, so that materials with few defects can be produced. When fitting the board, the wood defects can be dispersed even if there are still wood defects.
(3) The laminated material retains the texture of natural wood and has a beautiful appearance.
(4) The raw materials of the laminated materials are fully dried, and even for large-section and long-sized materials, the moisture content of each part is uniform, and the cracking and deformation are small compared with the solid wood.
(5) It is superior to solid wood in terms of physical and mechanical properties such as tensile and compressive strength and material quality uniformity, and can be adjusted according to the strength of the laminate to improve its strength performance. The test shows that the strength performance is 1.5 for solid wood. Times.
(6) The laminated material can be manufactured into a straight shape and a curved shape as needed. According to the requirements of the corresponding strength, it can be manufactured into a cross-section gradual structure along the length direction, or can be manufactured into a cross-section laminated material such as an I-shaped shape and a hollow square.
(7) A laminated material manufactured into a curved shape is an ideal material as a wood structural member.
(8) Before gluing, the board can be pretreated with drugs. Even long and large materials, there are enough chemicals inside to make the material have excellent corrosion resistance, fire resistance and insect resistance.
(9) Due to different uses, it is required that the laminated timber has sufficient bonding performance and durability. For this reason, the processing of the integrated materials requires good technology, equipment and good quality management and product inspection.
(10) Compared with solid wood, the output of integrated materials is low and the cost of products is high.
classification
(1) according to the use environment
Glulam can be divided into indoor laminated materials and outdoor laminated materials. The indoor laminated material is used in an indoor dry state, and the user's requirements can be met as long as the durability in the indoor use environment is satisfied. The outdoor laminated timber is used outdoors, and is often subjected to rain, snow, and sunlight, so it is required to have high durability.
(2) according to the shape of the product
Glulam can be divided into plate-shaped glulam, straight glulam and curved glulam. It is also possible to form the laminated material into a profiled section, such as an I-shaped cross-section laminated material and a box-section laminated material or a hollow section laminated material.
(3) According to the bearing situation
Glulam can be divided into structural glulam and non-structural glulam. The structural glulam is a load bearing member which requires the glulam to have sufficient strength and rigidity. The non-structural composite material is a non-load bearing member, which requires the appearance of the laminated material to be beautiful.
(4) by use
Glulam can be divided into: 1 non-structural glulam; 2 structural glulam; 3 veneer non-structural glulam; 4 veneer structure
Use laminated materials.
Glulam does not change the structure and characteristics of wood. It is still a natural substrate like wood, but in terms of physical and mechanical properties, it is superior to solid wood in terms of tensile strength and compressive strength, and uniformity in material quality. It is also superior to solid wood. Therefore, the laminated timber can be used in place of solid wood in various corresponding fields.
â– Unstructured laminated timber
Non-structural laminated timber is mainly used as furniture and interior decoration materials.
In terms of furniture, the laminated timber is applied to the furniture manufacturing industry in the form of integrated sheets, integrated squares and integrated curved materials.
The integrated sheet is applied to the panel of the table, the side panel of the cabinet, the large-surface parts such as the top and bottom plates, the non-exposed parts such as the cabinet partition, the bottom plate and the drawer bottom plate, and the drawer panel, the side panel, the bottom plate, the cabinet door, etc. Small format parts.
The integrated square material is applied to a table or chair type bracket, a cabinet type tripod, etc., or a circular cross-section component.
The integrated curved material is applied to curved parts such as chair brackets, armrests, backrests, sofas, and coffee tables.
In the interior decoration application, the laminated timber is used as the material for interior decoration in the form of integrated sheets and integrated squares.
Integrated panels are used for stair siding, treads, floors and wall trim panels.
The integrated square material is used for interior doors, windows, cabinet beams, columns, decorative columns, stair railings and decorative strips.
â– Structural laminated timber
Glulam is developed with the increasing demand for long structural members in the construction industry. It is mainly used for wooden structural beams of stadiums, concert halls, factories, warehouses, etc. Among them, three-hinge arch beams are most commonly used. This was not possible in the previous wood structure.
Gluing process
The laminated timber is made of small diameter material as raw material, and is cut into a plate by a log, dried by a plate, made into a square bar, cut off, selected, fingered, spliced, and subsequently processed to have a certain width. Thickness, length of wood. It is a new type of substrate used in the construction industry, furniture and decoration industry. It has high strength, 1.5 times of natural solid wood, good fireproof performance and high insulation performance. The specific production process is as follows:
(1) Processing of round logs into sheets: the round logs are cut into sheets by the sports band saws and the main small band saws.
(2) Drying of the board: mainly by fumigation, the moisture and oil in the wood (mainly the pine oil in the pine) are baked out, because the wood of the small diameter is prone to cracking and deformation, so after drying and dehydration, the thickness is natural. Reduce and crack and other reasons.
(3) Board processing: After the sheet is dried, it is passed through double-sided planing or planing and planing. The two sides are planed and then cut into strips by a multi-blade saw.
(4) Material selection and material breakage: The cut wood strips are screened, and the wood strips without missing materials, no blue change, no oil line, no cracking and no knot are cut into 200-700 mm or less. length.
(5) Finger joint: the wooden strips are made to be toothed and joined with strips by adhesive.
(6) Planing four sides: After four sides of the planer, the wood strips that have been picked up are arranged into neat squares.
(7) Panel: The specification strip is pressed into the required sheet by a press.
(8) Planing and sanding: the pressed plate is pressed and sanded to the required thickness.
(9) Repair, finishing, and packaging.
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