In production practice, it is very important to fully understand the fertilizer requirements of carrots and master the scientific fertilization techniques to improve production, improve quality, and achieve reasonable input and efficient output.
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Characteristics of fertilizer requirements According to the study: for every 1000 kilograms of carrots produced , nitrogen is required to be 2.4 to 4.3 kilograms, phosphorus is 0.7 to 1.7 kilograms, and potassium is 5.7 to 11.7 kilograms. The law of fat absorption is as follows: the early growth stage is slow, and the growth of the root system begins to increase rapidly in the middle and late stages, and the nutrient absorption increases with the increase of the fertility. In the two months after sowing, the absorption of each element was not large. As the roots expanded, the absorption increased significantly, and the absorption amount was the highest in potassium, followed by nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, which decreased in turn. At the time of harvest, the potassium in the leaves was the most, followed by nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Potassium and nitrogen are the most abundant in the roots, followed by phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. The requirement for nitrogen in carrots is mainly in the early stage. It is necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizer in an appropriate amount 30 to 50 days after sowing. In this stage, nitrogen deficiency, the diameter of the root is obviously reduced, and the root of the meat is swollen. Different forms of nitrogen have a great influence on the growth of carrots. Carrots absorb less phosphorus, about one-third of the nitrogen uptake . When the available phosphorus content in the soil is small, the effect of increasing the application of phosphate fertilizer is obvious. As the amount of fertilizer is increased, the yield also increases. For the calcareous soil with relatively large phosphorus absorption coefficient, applying more phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer is beneficial to the early growth of the plant and the expansion of the root system in the later stage. The effect of potassium on carrots is mainly to enlarge the fleshy roots. The application of potash should be emphasized in production to prevent potassium deficiency in the soil, especially in the period of expansion of fleshy roots, to ensure the supply of potash.
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Fertilization techniques are applied to the base fertilizer. Carrot roots are deep into the soil and are suitable for fertile and loose sandy loam. Deep tillage before planting, apply enough base fertilizer. Per mu of cooked manure and human excrement 2000 ~ 2500 kg, superphosphate 15 ~ 20 kg, plant ash 100 ~ 150 kg. If only chemical fertilizer is used, 20 kg of ammonium sulfate , 30 to 40 kg of superphosphate , and 30 to 35 kg of potassium sulfate per acre may be used . There are two methods of application: application and ditch application. Where solid fertilizer is applied, it should be mixed with fine soil and mixed. Fertilization has a great influence on the shape of fleshy roots. When the amount of chemical fertilizer is large and the organic fertilizer is small, the proportion of deformed roots is significantly increased. Adding decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer can reduce the formation of deformed fleshy roots. If the unfertilized organic fertilizer is applied, it is easy to increase the deformed root.
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Reasonable topdressing. In addition to applying the base fertilizer, the carrots must be topdressed 2 to 3 times. Generally, the first time is 20 to 25 days after emergence, after growing 3 to 4 true leaves, 5 to 6 kg of ammonium sulfate per acre , and 3 to 4 kg of potassium fertilizer . The second top dressing is carried out after the carrots are fixed, and each acre can be used with 7 to 8 kg of ammonium sulfate and 4 to 5 kg of potassium . The third top dressing was in the root period of the roots, and the amount of fertilizer was the same as the second top dressing. In addition to chemical fertilizers, fertilized human excrement can also be used, ranging from 1000 to 2000 kg per mu . The method of topdressing can be carried in with water, or it can be applied to human excrement and water. In the later stage of growth, excessive water and fertilizer should be avoided, otherwise it will easily cause cracking and is not conducive to storage.
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Skillfully applied micro-fertilizer. Carrots absorb more calcium. When the calcium content is high, the content of carrot sugar and carotene will decrease. When calcium deficiency, it will cause hollow disease. The absorption of magnesium by carrot is not much. The more magnesium, the sugar content and carrot. The more the content of the element, the better the quality. The application of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in the base fertilizer can be sprayed once in the seedling stage and the leaf growth stage. The initial and middle stages of the succulent root expansion are sprayed once with 0.1% to 0.25% boric acid solution or borax solution.
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