1 symptom performance
   The growth of cucumber plants is stagnant, the faucet is tightly packed; the growth point no longer grows and elongates, the top small leaves are dense, and the flower clusters between the male and female flowers are formed in a short time, and the cucumber forms a self-sealing top , that is, “flower toppingâ€, such as the top. There is a small melon, commonly known as "melon topping"; the plant no longer has new leaves and new shoots growing out, the middle and lower leaves are thick green, the surface is more shrinking and protruding, showing a walnut-like shape. Most of this phenomenon occurs after the seedling period and the pre-growth period. If the measures are not taken in time, the plants will die soon, resulting in early production cuts, which seriously affect economic income.
   2 cucumbers "Flower topping" Analysis and physiological mechanisms
   2.1 The appearance of "flower topping" is usually due to low temperature in the early stage, excessive temperature difference between day and night, or high temperature and drought, low temperature and high humidity, malnutrition, premature aging of deficiency of fat, excessive use of estrogen, etc., and the phenomenon of "flower topping" Most of them are caused by a composite superposition of two or more of the above reasons. The physiological mechanism is that the cucumber begins to undergo the stage of flower bud differentiation and leaf differentiation after 1 ~ 2 leaves, but due to the poor external environment and nutrient supply, the root development is hindered, the absorption capacity is weakened, and the vegetative growth is made. severely inhibited, far behind in the growth process of physiological disorders of the reproductive consequences.
   2.2 The cause of fertilization causes the symptoms of "flower topping" and its physiological mechanism. In the actual production, there is another reason that can cause the “flower topping†phenomenon of cucumbers, which is not well known. Most farmers often do not know what measures to take to alleviate and solve them. Excessive fertilization involves the application of an excess of unfertilized organic fertilizer or the application of an excess of fertilizer ( or a single nitrogen fertilizer ) . In addition to the above-mentioned common appearance, the leaves of the plants become thick and brittle, and the body fluids flowing out of the broken leaves or stems are thick, the fresh melons are flowering early, the tumors are reduced, and the melon body fluid is viscose and varying degrees of milky white. The root system is poorly stretched and tightened in a small area of ​​the base. The roots are few and not fresh. Physiological mechanisms: due to excessive fertilization, rhizosphere soil solution is too high, the presence or reverse osmosis water (physiological cause drought) occurs close, is difficult to force the root growth and elongation; or failing to complete the decomposition process of the decomposition of organic fertilizer in the soil cause local soil caused by high temperature burning roots, resulting in poor root development, affecting the absorption of nutrients and water, and eventually formed from the "flower topping."
   3 remedies
   Fertilization occurs due to "spend topping" in the code at the same time remove a large melon, should be timely, continuous watering 2 times (a flood a small water), keep the soil surface quit, then depending on plant size, master The depth is properly cultivated once. It will return to normal soon.
   4 preventive measures
   4.1 Scientific seedlings. The organic fertilizer in the nursery bed should be fully decomposed, and the quick-acting chemical fertilizer should be multi-element, and the dosage should be controlled below 0.5% . The soil moisture should be about 65% when planting. Not less than 13 °C ~ 8 °C, daytime temperature 30 °C ~ 20 °C.
   4.2 Reasonable fertilizer. The organic fertilizer in the field planting base fertilizer should also be fully decomposed and evenly applied. The dosage should be controlled at no more than 10 t . The quick-acting fertilizer should be balanced with N , P and K. In particular, it is necessary to increase the K element fertilizer and the total amount of fertilizer. It should not exceed 50 kg at most , and should be used evenly; the topdressing should be small, full, multiple, and uniform.
   4.3 Scientific watering. Every time you water, you should look at the sky, see the ground, watch the temperature, look at the fertilizer, avoid the flooding caused by the flooding of the water; try to use the mulching film to cover cultivation and under-film dark irrigation technology.
   4.4 Do a good job of temperature, humidity and light, heat, gas management and plant adjustment to create an excellent ecological condition for cucumber growth and development. During the cold season, the temperature should be kept cold and warm. During the growth period, the temperature should not be lower than 13 °C, the ground temperature should not be lower than 15 °C, and the temperature difference between day and night should be controlled at 10 °C ~ 15 °C. Keep the soil dry and wet, and the water content should be no less than 22% . strive to extend the exposure time, increasing light intensity; moderate ventilation, increasing the greenhouse CO2 content; while doing pruning, pruning, Bangwan disk vine, flower thinning fruit thinning, to maintain the balance of growth and development.
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