The vortex pump is a type of pump that has emerged since 1920. Its main working mechanism includes an impeller (a disc with radial blades on the outer rim), a pump body and an annular flow passage composed of a pump cover, a pump body and an impeller . Liquid from the suction pipe into the runner, and through the rotation of the impeller to obtain energy, is delivered to the discharge pipe to complete the pump work process. The working principle of the vortex pump, the structure and the shape of the characteristic curve are different from the centrifugal pump and other types of pumps. Is a small flow, high-lift pump, the ratio of n8 generally less than 40. The flow rate of the vortex pump can be as small as 0.05 l / s or less and as large as 12.5 l / s. Single-stage lift up to 300m, when the specific rotation of more than 40, because of its efficiency lower than the centrifugal pump, therefore, less used. Compared with other types of pumps, the vortex pump has the following advantages: 1. The vortex pump is a high-lift pump with a very simple structure. Compared with a centrifugal pump of the same size and number of revolutions, the vortex pump has a 2-4 times higher head. Compared with the same head volume pump, its size is small, the structure is simple. Small size and light weight of the vortex pump have great advantages in marine installations. 2. Self-priming or self-priming with simple device. 3. With a steep drop of the lift characteristic, it is insensitive to pressure fluctuations in the system. 4. Some vortex pumps to achieve liquid-vapor mixed. This is of great importance for pumping volatile liquids containing gases and high-temperature liquids with high vapor pressure. 5. Vortex pump structure is simple, casting and machining processes are easy to achieve, some of the vortex pump parts can also use non-metallic materials, such as plastic, nylon molded impeller. Disadvantages of a vortex pump: 1. Low efficiency, up to 50%, most of the efficiency of the vortex pump 20% -40%, thus preventing it from developing towards high power. 2. Vortex pump cavitation performance is poor. 3. The vortex pump can not be used to pump more viscous media. As the viscosity of the liquid increases, the head and efficiency of the pump will decrease drastically and the viscosity of the medium will be limited to 114 centistokes (15 ° E). 4. Vortex pump impeller and pump radial clearance and axial clearance between the more stringent requirements (the general radial clearance of 0.15 ~ 0.3mm, unilateral axial clearance of 0.07 ~ 0.15mm) to the processing and assembly process with To some difficulty. 5. Pumped medium is limited to pure liquid. When liquids contain solid particles, they can degrade pump performance or cause the vortex pump to become inoperable due to increased axial and radial clearance due to wear. As the vortex pump has the above characteristics, in recent years, all countries have made great progress in the theoretical research, calculation methods and product varieties of the vortex pump. Vortex pumps are also gaining popularity in many sectors of the national economy, such as those used in chemical complexes to pump small volumes and high-lift acids, alkalis and other corrosive and volatile chemical liquids. Refueling Cars, tankers and fixed distribution devices are used to pump volatile liquids such as gasoline, kerosene and alcohol. They are used as mobile and stationary fire pumps, ships' water pumps, and for boosting and pumping makeup water.
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