Stainless iron is chrome-free and nickel-free, also known as Cr stainless steel, which has a certain anti-corrosion ability! Stainless iron is not a colloquial, popularly considered to have ferromagnetic stainless steel, I think mainly refers to 1Cr17 (ferrite) Series, 1Cr13 (martensitic) series, and Fe in austenite shape.
The stainless steel plate type does not have ferromagnetism. It is easy to misunderstand in the context of Ni/Cr, although they lead to the homology of Fe. However, Fe and Ni are ferromagnetic and Cr is paramagnetic. Many of the high-performance soft magnetic materials 1J series are Ni-based.
Compared with stainless steel, stainless steel is mainly based on whether it contains nickel! Stainless iron generally refers to Japan's SUS430, domestically is 1Cr17, the main chemical composition is: C: <0.12, Si: <0.75, Mn<1.00, P:< 0.035, S<0.030, Ni: <0.60, Cr: 16.00-18.00 is ferritic stainless steel.
Stainless steel is both chrome and nickel. Since nickel is a relatively stable element, its corrosion resistance is naturally much stronger than that of stainless steel!
Because the price of nickel is more expensive, the cost of stainless steel is higher than that of stainless steel, and the difference in corrosion resistance. The price of stainless steel is 1/4~1/3 higher than that of stainless steel (for reference only).
Discrimination: Since nickel is a diamagnetic element, the simpler resolution method is to see if it has strong magnetic properties, that is, to attract with a magnet!
The steel containing more than 12.5% ​​chromium in steel has a high resistance to corrosion of external media (acid, alkali salt), called stainless steel. According to the microstructure of steel, stainless steel can be divided into martensite type, ferrite type, austenite type, ferrite-austenite type, precipitation hardening type stainless steel. According to national standard GB3280-92, there are 55 regulations. . In daily life, we are exposed to a large number of austenitic stainless steels (some call it nickel stainless) and Martensitic stainless steel (some people call it stainless iron). Typical grades for austenitic stainless steels are 0Cr18Ni9, namely "304" and 1Cr18Ni9Ti. Martensitic stainless steel is the stainless steel we make knife and scissors. The grades are mainly 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 6Cr13, 7Cr17 and so on. Due to the difference in the composition of the two types of stainless steel, the microstructure of the built-in metal is also different.
Austenitic stainless steel due to the addition of higher chromium and nickel in steel (containing about 18% chromium and more than 4% Ni), the internal structure of steel presents a state of austenite, which is Without magnetic permeability, it cannot be attracted by magnets. Often used as decorative materials, such as steam turbine blades, cutting tools, nozzles, valve seats, valves, gauges, bearings and so on. Martensitic stainless steel is used for making stainless steel for knife and scissors. Because the knife and scissors have the function of cutting objects, they must have sharpness. To have sharpness, they must have a certain hardness. This type of stainless steel must undergo a heat transfer to cause internal structural transformation. Only when the hardness is increased can the knife be cut. However, the internal structure of this type of stainless steel is tempered martensite, which is magnetically permeable and can be attracted by magnets. Therefore, it is not possible to simply describe the stainless steel with or without magnetic properties.
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