Fertilization technology of spring radish

Spring radish is a fertile, water-requiring, fast-growing vegetable. The whole growth period is divided into three stages: seedling stage, rosette stage and fleshy root expansion period. The absorption of nutrients by spring radish is small at the seedling stage. After entering the rosette period, the demand for nutrients increases with the increase of growth. During the expansion period of fleshy roots, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in spring radish entered a peak period. During this period, the absorption of nitrogen accounted for about 75% of the total demand, and the absorption of phosphorus accounted for about 90% of the total demand. The absorption amount accounts for about 85% of the total demand. According to the study, for every 1000 kg of radish produced, it needs to absorb nitrogen (N) 2.3 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 0.9 kg, potassium (K2O) 3.1 kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The absorption ratio is approximately 2:1:3. It can be seen that the demand for potassium in spring radish is higher, and the demand for phosphorus is higher than that of ordinary vegetables. Phosphorus and potassium can effectively prevent the occurrence of heart disease in the storage process of radish. In addition, spring radish is more sensitive to boron and calcium, boron is beneficial to the expansion of fleshy roots and prevent cracking; calcium is beneficial to improve quality and prevent sputum. Therefore, scientific fertilization is a necessary condition to guarantee spring radish. The specific fertilization methods are as follows:
First, apply enough base fertilizer. The roots of spring radish are developed. It is advisable to choose plots with deep soil layers, loose soil and fertile conditions, and good irrigation conditions. Generally, 3000-4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 20-30 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 40-50 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, or 45% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 40-50 are applied per mu. kg. The specific amount of fertilizer applied can be flexibly controlled according to local production conditions and production levels.
Second, reasonable topdressing. On the basis of the application of the base fertilizer, the seedling stage is generally not topdressing. If topdressing is required, it can be carried out when 2 to 3 true leaves are unfolded. Since the seedlings need too little nutrients, the top dressing requires light application. Usually about 5 kg of urea per mu, or 7 to 8 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer, applied with water or a hole, and covered with soil after application. When the spring radish enters the rosette period, it should be applied for 15 to 25 kg of 45% general-purpose compound fertilizer. Into the fleshy root expansion period, should be based on the application of potassium fertilizer, 10 to 15 kg per mu of high-potassium compound fertilizer. In this period, try to apply less nitrogen fertilizer to avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer and easily form bitterness and affect quality. In the middle and late growth period, 0.3% calcium chloride and 0.2% boric acid solution can be sprayed 2 to 3 times to prevent calcium deficiency and boron deficiency. At the same time, the leaves are sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate to increase the yield and quality. Apply anti-caries and thickening agent half a month before harvest to prevent convulsions and hollowness.

Huaxian Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Lu Shuguang

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