Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the “Twelfth Five-Year Development Plan for the Basic Manufacturing Process and Basic Materials Industry of Mechanical Basic Partsâ€. The plan implements the spirit of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Industrial Transformation and Upgrading Plan (2011~2015), and summarizes and analyzes the development of mechanical basic components, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials industries. On the basis of the status quo, the development goals and ideas of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†were clarified, the key points and main tasks of the industrial development were determined, and relevant safeguard measures were proposed. The implementation of the plan will further enhance the overall development level and international competitiveness of China's mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials industry.
Mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials (hereinafter referred to as “three basicsâ€) are the basis for the survival and development of the equipment manufacturing industry. The level directly determines the performance, quality and reliability of major equipment and host products. Mechanical basic parts are the basic units that make up the machine and cannot be separated, including: bearings, gears, hydraulics, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, seals, chains and sprockets, drive couplings, fasteners, springs, powder metallurgy parts , the basic manufacturing process refers to the casting, forging, heat treatment, welding, surface engineering and cutting processing and special processing technology with large volume and versatility in the production process of the mechanical industry; the basic materials are specifically required for the mechanical manufacturing industry. Small batch, special high quality special materials.
High-strength fasteners are the focus of development
10.9 and above automotive engine fasteners, large-scale high-strength fasteners for wind power generation equipment, aluminum-magnesium alloy fasteners for aircraft and spacecraft, self-locking fasteners.Development status and situation
After years of hard work, China's "three basics" industry has made great progress, forming a production system with complete categories and meeting the general needs of the host industry, providing an important support and guarantee for the development of the equipment manufacturing industry.The scale of the industry continues to expand. In the past ten years, China's “three-based†industry has continued to grow steadily, and the variety and level of products have been greatly improved. The output (output value) of various common mechanical basic parts is among the highest in the world; casting, forging, welding, heat treatment and cutting processing capabilities The production of basic materials such as welding materials, high-speed steel, hard alloys, NdFeB permanent magnets ranks first in the world.
The ability to set is constantly increasing. The average domestic market share of mechanical basic parts such as bearings, gears and fasteners is 65%. Significant progress has been made in the basic manufacturing process, and a large number of large castings and forgings for power generation equipment have the ability to enter the international market. Focusing on the needs of electrical and electronic equipment, we have developed special high-quality special materials such as steel for power generation equipment and oriented silicon steel sheets for large transformers.
The aggregation effect is obvious. The output value of Wenzhou, Ningbo, Haiyan and Weinan's four fastener industry clusters accounted for 67% of the national fastener industry. The level of specialization in basic manufacturing processes has been continuously improved. A number of high-level, specialized basic manufacturing process centers have been built in major equipment manufacturing clusters. For example, the output of precision forgings in Jiangsu Taizhou and Dafeng exceeds half of the national precision forgings.
Basic manufacturing process
Casting processDirectional solidification casting process, hot air long furnace age cupola and its smelting process technology, digital simulation technology, high compaction clay sand automatic molding production line technology, rapid moldless sand casting process, aluminum, magnesium, titanium and other special alloy casting process, Composite casting process, semi-solid casting process, high temperature, low temperature, high strength and toughness materials (nodular cast iron, austempered ductile iron, vermicular cast iron, lightweight alloy) high precision casting process.
2. Forging process
Large-scale thin-walled structural parts integral forming process, multi-station cold and warm forging process, high-speed precision upsetting process, large-scale complex structural parts precision volume forming process, large ring piece cold rolling expansion process, sheet pipe precision forming process, high-strength steel plate heat Forming process, crankshaft, wind power main shaft and valve full fiber near net forming technology, automotive aluminum alloy precision forging process, spiral bevel gear forging-grinding combined manufacturing process, fine punching process.
3. Welding process
Laser and laser arc hybrid heat source welding process, friction stir welding process, high precision and large thickness cutting process, high efficiency arc welding process, plasma spray welding process, and near net forming welding new technology.
4. Heat treatment process
Chemical heat treatment and infiltration process, precision control heating and quenching process, precise controllable heat treatment process of gears and bearings, vacuum heat treatment process for super large parts, induction hardening heat treatment process for large shaft and pipe parts, large-scale full fiber lining without tray controllable Atmospheric continuous heating furnace heat treatment process, continuous vacuum heat treatment process, large-scale thin plate part pressing and quenching heat treatment process, cryogenic heat treatment process.
5. Surface treatment process
Surface treatment and strengthening process of aluminum, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy, nano-particle composite brush plating process, nano-ceramic coating process, plasma, laser, electron beam surface strengthening process, low chromic acid hard chrome plating, low chromium plating Passivation and other green plating processes.
6. Cutting and special processing
High-speed/ultra-high-speed machining process, composite machining process (turning and milling compounding, milling and compounding, etc.), composite material cutting process, ultra-precision machining process (shafting accuracy 0.02-0.05 micron), oversized parts cutting process, micro-lubrication cutting Process, dry cutting process, "three bundles" (electron beam, ion beam, laser beam) processing technology, EDM processing, ultrasonic processing technology, incremental manufacturing process, precision forming process of powder metallurgy parts.
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