A typical FMS typically consists of three subsystems. They are processing systems, logistics systems, and control and management systems. The block diagrams and functional features of each subsystem are shown in Figure 1. The organic combination of the three subsystems constitutes the energy flow of a manufacturing system (changing the shape and size of the workpiece through the manufacturing process), the material flow (mainly the workpiece flow and the tool flow) and the information flow (information and data processing of the manufacturing process) .
The processing system is like a human hand and foot in the FMS, and is an execution system that actually completes the task of changing physical properties. The processing system is mainly composed of CNC machine tools, machining centers and other processing equipment (some also have auxiliary and inspection equipment such as workpiece cleaning and on-line inspection). The processing equipment in the system has other aspects in terms of workpiece, tool and control. A standard interface to which subsystems are connected. From the various flexible meanings of the flexible manufacturing system, the performance of the processing system directly affects the performance of the FMS, and the processing system is the most expensive part in the FMS. Therefore, the proper selection of the processing system is the key to the success of the FMS. The main equipment in the machining system is a machine tool that actually performs machining such as cutting to convert workpieces from raw materials to products.
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